Trial reportJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2021
Ruxolitinib mitigates steroid-refractory CRS during CAR T therapy.
Trial report in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ruxolitinib mitigates steroid-refractory CRS during CAR T therapy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Trial
- Cytokine release syndrome in adults with acute leukemia after allo-HCT with posttransplant cyclophosphamide prophylaxis.International journal of hematology · 2026Article
- Prospects of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Myelofibrosis: From Immunopathogenesis to Therapeutic Strategies.Cancers · 2026Review
- Ready or not, here they come: a practical guide to adoptive T-cell therapies for solid tumors for medical oncologists.The oncologist · 2026Review
- The path forward for T cell engagers in patients with prostate cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Management Practices of CAR T-cell-Related Inflammatory Toxicities: A Survey of Pediatric CAR T-cell Providers.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2026Article
- Construction of a predictive model for lower respiratory tract infection in children with leukemia after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Precision Management of Tumor-Associated Fever: From Classification to Targeted Intervention.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- Cytokine release syndrome in solid tumours: mechanism-based therapeutic strategies for prevention and management.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Review
- Cytokine release syndrome in solid tumors.Cancer · 2025Review
- Neurological complications of CAR T cell therapy for cancers.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Review
- Autologous CD7 CAR-T cells generated without T cell pre-selection in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory T-ALL: A phase I trial.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Immune Effector Cell-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-like Syndrome (IEC-HS).Hematology/oncology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Novel strategies to manage CAR-T cell toxicity.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- Article
- Selective JAK2 pathway inhibition enhances anti-leukemic functionality in CD19 CAR-T cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Early intrathecal dexamethasone and methotrexate as an effective approach for immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome after CAR-T cell therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Accelerating CAR-T Cell Therapies with Small-Molecule Inhibitors.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2025Review
- Precision immunotherapy with CAR-T cells in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: advances and unanswered challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- In-depth analysis of the safety of CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity are two major CAR T related toxicities. With the interventions of Tocilizumab and steroids, many patients can recover from severe CRS. However, some patients are refractory to steroids and develop life-threatening consequences. Ruxolitinib is an oral JAKs inhibitor and promising drug in inflammatory diseases. In this pilot study, we evaluate the efficacy of Ruxolitinib in CRS. Of 14 r/r B-ALL children who received CD19 or CD22 CAR T cell therapies, 4 patients developed severe (≥grade 3) CRS with symptoms that were not alleviated with high-dose steroids and thus received ruxolitinib. Rapid resolution of CRS symptoms was observed in 4 patients after ruxolitinib treatment. Serum cytokines significantly decreased after ruxolitinib intervention. All patients achieved complete remission on day 30 after infusion, and we could still detect CAR T expansion in vivo despite usage of ruxolitinib. There were no obvious adverse events related to ruxolitinib. In vitro assays revealed that ruxolitinib could dampen CAR T expansion and cytotoxicity, suggesting that the timing and dosage of ruxolitinib should be carefully considered to avoid dampening anti-leukaemia response. Our results suggest that ruxolitinib is active and well tolerated in steroid-refractory and even life-threatening CRS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.