Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33313895›Full record

ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2021

Functional vitamin K status and risk of incident chronic kidney disease and microalbuminuria: a prospective general population-based cohort study.

Dion Groothof, Adrian Post, Camilo G Sotomayor, Charlotte A Keyzer, Jose L Flores-Guerero, Eelko Hak, Jens H J Bos, Leon J Schurgers, Gerjan J Navis, Reinold O B Gans and 4 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Vitamin K and women's health: a review.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Dion GroothofDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1886-4451
Adrian PostDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8645-1627
Camilo G SotomayorDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6835-6386
Charlotte A KeyzerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jose L Flores-GuereroDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6094-2206
Eelko HakUnit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jens H J BosUnit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Leon J SchurgersDepartment of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Gerjan J NavisDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Reinold O B GansDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Coby EelderinkDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1602-2752
Martin H de BorstDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4127-8733
Stephan J L BakkerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Ineke J RiphagenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
University Medical Center Groningen · NLUniversity of Groningen · NLMaastricht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCirculating desphospho-uncarboxylated matrix γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla) protein (dp-ucMGP), a marker of vitamin K status, is associated with renal function and may serve as a potentially modifiable risk factor for incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to assess the association between circulating dp-ucMGP and incident CKD.

methodsWe included 3969 participants with a mean age of 52.3 ± 11.6 years, of whom 48.0% were male, enrolled in the general population-based Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease study. Study outcomes were incident CKD, defined as either development of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or microalbuminuria. Associations of dp-ucMGP with these outcomes were quantified using Cox proportional hazards models and were adjusted for potential confounders.

resultsMedian plasma dp-ucMGP was 363 [interquartile range (IQR) 219-532] pmol/L and mean serum creatinine- and serum cystatin C-based eGFR (eGFRSCr-SCys) was 95.4 ± 21.8 mL/min/1.73 m2. During 7.1 years of follow-up, 205 (5.4%) participants developed incident CKD and 303 (8.4%) developed microalbuminuria. For every doubling of plasma dp-ucMGP, hazard ratios for the development of incident CKD and microalbuminuria were 1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.59-2.16; P < 0.001] and 1.19 (95% CI 1.07-1.32; P = 0.001), respectively. These associations lost significance after adjustment for baseline eGFRSCr-SCys [0.99 (95% CI 0.88-1.12; P = 0.86)] and baseline age [1.03 (95% CI 0.94-1.14; P = 0.50)], respectively.

conclusionsThe associations of plasma dp-ucMGP with incident CKD and microalbuminuria were driven by the respective baseline effects of renal function and age.

Indexed as

Renal Insufficiency, ChronicVitamin KAdultBiomarkersCalcium-Binding ProteinsCohort StudiesExtracellular Matrix ProteinsHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesBiomarkersCalcium-Binding ProteinsExtracellular Matrix ProteinsVitamin Kchronic kidney diseasematrix Gla proteinmicroalbuminuriarenal deteriorationvitamin K

Identifiers

PMID33313895
PMCPMC8643608
OpenAlexW3112908716

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.