Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33313069›Full record

ArticleInflammatory intestinal diseases2020

The Influence of Breastfeeding, Cesarean Section, Pet Animals, and Urbanization on the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Data from the Swiss IBD Cohort Study.

Severin A Lautenschlager, Nicolas Fournier, Luc Biedermann, Valerie Pittet, Philipp Schreiner, Benjamin Misselwitz, Michael Scharl, Gerhard Rogler, Alexander R Siebenhüner

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Inflammatory intestinal diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Severin A LautenschlagerDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nicolas FournierInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Luc BiedermannDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Valerie PittetInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Philipp SchreinerDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Benjamin MisselwitzDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Michael ScharlDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Gerhard RoglerDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Alexander R SiebenhünerClinic for Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
University of Zurich · CHInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is incompletely understood. Current concepts imply that environmental factors (EFs) trigger disease onset as well as flares in genetically susceptible individuals.

objectiveThe objective of this study is to analyze the association between IBD and various EFs, which may influence the pathogenesis of the disease.

methods2,294 patients from the Swiss IBD Cohort Study (SIBDCS) received a questionnaire regarding EF including mode of delivery, breastfeeding, animals in household, and place of residence. The control group comprised patients' childhood friends, who grew up in a similar environment ("friends cohort").

resultsA total of 1,111 questionnaires were returned from SIBDCS patients (response rate: 48.4%). Breastfeeding for <6 months was associated with a decreased risk for ulcerative colitis/indeterminate colitis (UC/IC) (OR: 0.473,

conclusionThe present study underlines the importance of EFs in the pathogenesis of IBD. Overall, the development of UC/IC seems to be more affected from environmental influences than from Crohn's disease. Our results imply a protective effect of possessing pet animals in household and short breastfeeding regarding the onset of UC/IC.

Indexed as

BreastfeedingCrohn's diseaseEnvironmental factorsInflammatory bowel diseaseSwiss IBD Cohort StudyUlcerative colitis

Identifiers

PMID33313069
PMCPMC7706488
OpenAlexW3081193641

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.