Trial reportOncoimmunology2020
Efficacy and biomarker analysis of CD133-directed CAR T cells in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-arm, open-label, phase II trial.
Trial report in Oncoimmunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02541370 (Clinical Study of Chimeric CD), which is not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Study of Chimeric CD(Cluster of Differentiation)133 Antigen Receptor-modified T Cells in Relapsed and/or Chemotherapy Refractory Malignancies
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- The safety and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy in solid malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Targeted Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment: A New Era Ahead-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Beyond a cancer stem cell marker: molecular state dependent functions of CD133 and state targeted therapy.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- MAP2-mediated integrin dysregulation reprograms cancer cell plasticity in hepatocellular carcinoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Stemness plasticity in hepatocellular carcinoma: spatial niches and therapeutic implications.Journal of liver cancer · 2026Article
- Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy Implications.Cancers · 2026Review
- Cancer stem cell plasticity: mechanisms, immune microenvironment crosstalk, and therapeutic implications.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- A Review of Recent Advances in Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- Review
- MMP14 is a safe target of CAR-T therapy against liver cancer and metastasis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Ready or not, here they come: a practical guide to adoptive T-cell therapies for solid tumors for medical oncologists.The oncologist · 2026Review
- Dual-targeting CD133/PD-L1 CAR-T plus αPD-1 overcomes immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhanced by radiation pre-conditioning.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Neurotoxicity of Immunotherapy: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Encephalitis vs. Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome.World journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Cancer stem cell-driven drug resistance in colorectal carcinoma: molecular aspects and therapeutic potentials.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Post-immunotherapy second-line strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma: State of the art and ongoing trials.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Preclinical exploration and current clinical applications of immunotherapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CAR-T cell therapy for pancreatic cancer: Translating emerging targets and dual-targeting strategies from solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Characterizing immune profiles in hepatocellular carcinoma patients benefiting from pembrolizumab and lenvatinib using machine learning.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Engineering adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) therapies in gastrointestinal malignancies: review of literature for clinical applications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Expressed by cancer stem cells of various epithelial cell origins and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), CD133 is an attractive therapeutic target for HCC. The marker CD133 is highly expressed in endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). EPCs circulate in increased numbers in the peripheral blood of patients with highly vascularized HCC and contribute to angiogenesis and neovascularization. This phase II study investigated CD133-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T (CART-133) cells in adults with HCC. Patients with histologically confirmed and measurable advanced HCC and adequate hematologic, hepatic, and renal functions received CART-133 cell infusions. The primary endpoints were safety in phase I and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in phase II. Other endpoints included biomarkers for CART-133 T cell therapy. Between June 1, 2015, and September 1, 2017, this study enrolled 21 patients who subsequently received CART-133 T cells across phases I and II. The median OS was 12 months (95% CI, 9.3-15.3 months) and the median PFS was 6.8 months (95% CI, 4.3-8.4 months). Of 21 evaluable patients, 1 had a partial response, 14 had stable disease for 2 to 16.3 months, and 6 progressed after T-cell infusion. The most common high-grade adverse event was hyperbilirubinemia. Outcome was correlated with the baseline levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble VEGF receptor 2 (sVEGFR2), stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1, and EPC counts. Changes in EPC counts, VEGF, SDF-1, sVEGFR2, and interferon (IFN)-γ after cell infusion were associated with survival. In patients with previously treated advanced HCC, CART-133 cell therapy demonstrates promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile. We identified early changes in circulating molecules as potential biomarkers of response to CART-133 cells. The predictive value of these proangiogenic and inflammatory factors as potential biomarkers of CART-133 cell therapy in HCC will be explored in prospective trials. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02541370).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.