ArticleJournal of human kinetics2020
Acute Physiological Responses to Ultra Short Race-Pace Training in Competitive Swimmers.
Article in Journal of human kinetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- From acute responses to long-term monitoring: a scoping review of the reliability and validity of biomechanical and physiological assessment tools in elite and highly trained swimmers.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Synergistic Effects of Probiotic and Omega-3 Supplementation with Ultra-Short Race Pace Training on Sprint Swimming Performance.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- The Effects of Incorporating Dry-land Short Intervals to Long Aerobic-dominant In-Water Swimming Training on Physiological Parameters, Hormonal Factors, and Performance: A Randomized-Controlled Intervention Study.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2023Trial
- A Case Study on the Development of a High-Intensity Interval Training Set for a National-Level Middle-Distance Swimmer: The Conception of the Faster-than-Race Pace Test Set.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Effects of Horizontal and Vertical Vector Resistance Training on Swim Start Performance: An Eight-Week Intervention in Division One Collegiate Swimmers in Taiwan.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Intensity and Pace Calculation of Ultra Short Race Pace Training (USRPT) in Swimming-Take-Home Messages and Statements for Swimming Coaches.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comparison of Ultra-Short Race Pace and High-Intensity Interval Training in Age Group Competitive Swimmers.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pandemic-Induced Reductions on Swim Training Volume and Performance in Collegiate Swimmers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Relevance of a Sprint Interval Swim Training Set to the 100-Meter Freestyle Event Based on Blood Lactate and Kinematic Variables.Journal of human kinetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ultra Short Race Pace training (USRPT) is an emerging training modality devised in 2011 to deviate from high-volume swimming training that is typically prescribed. USRPT aims to replicate the exact demands of racing, through its unique prescription of race-pace velocity sets with short rest intervals. It has been surmised, with little physiological evidence, that USRPT provides swimmers with the best opportunity to optimize the conditioning, technique, and psychology aspects of racing at the most specific velocity of the relevant event, with low blood lactate concentration. The aim of this study was to examine acute physiological responses of USRPT. Fourteen swimmers were recruited to perform a USRPT set: 20 x 25 m freestyle with a 35-s rest interval. Swimmers were required to maintain the velocity of their 100 m personal best time for each sprint. Sprint performance, blood lactate, heart rate and the RPE were measured. Blood lactate was taken before, during (after every 4 sprints) and 3 minutes after the USRPT protocol. Heart rate monitors were used to profile the heart rate. Athletes reported the RPE before- and after completion of the USRPT set. Sprint times increased by 3.3-10.8% when compared to the first sprint (p < 0.01). There was high blood lactate concentration (13.6 ± 3.1mmol/l), a significant change in the RPE from 8 ± 1.6 to 18 ± 1.6 (p < 0.01) and a substantially high heart rate profile with an average HR
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