ArticleScience advances2020
Topology-dependent asymmetry in systematic errors affects phylogenetic placement of Ctenophora and Xenacoelomorpha.
Article in Science advances, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
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- Persistent conflict in palaeognath phylogeny revealed by quartet-based and ML analyses.Frontiers in zoology · 2026Article
- Totipotency and high plasticity in an embryo with an invariant, fate-specifying cleavage program.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Patterns and determinants of mitogenomic evolution in Bilateria.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sponges, ctenophores, and the statistical significance of syntenies.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Molecular evidence from xenacoelomorph gonopore formation supports homology with the bilaterian anus.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Developmental, regenerative, and behavioral dynamics in acoel reproduction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genomics Sheds New Light on the Ancestral Bilaterian Opsin Repertoire and Suggests Rhabdomeric Phototransduction in Xenacoelomorpha.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- The Chromosome-level Genome of the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 Reveals a Unique Immune Gene Repertoire.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- The first leech body fossil predates estimated hirudinidan origins by 200 million years.PeerJ · 2025Article
- Ediacaran origin and Ediacaran-Cambrian diversification of Metazoa.Science advances · 2024Article
- Acoelomorph flatworm monophyly is a long-branch attraction artefact obscuring a clade of Acoela and Xenoturbellida.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- A taxon-rich and genome-scale phylogeny of Opisthokonta.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- A wound-induced differentiation trajectory for neurons.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Evolution of glial cells: a non-bilaterian perspective.Neural development · 2024Review
- An evolutionary timeline of the oxytocin signaling pathway.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Extracellular DNA traps in a ctenophore demonstrate immune cell behaviors in a non-bilaterian.Nature communications · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The evolutionary relationships of two animal phyla, Ctenophora and Xenacoelomorpha, have proved highly contentious. Ctenophora have been proposed as the most distant relatives of all other animals (Ctenophora-first rather than the traditional Porifera-first). Xenacoelomorpha may be primitively simple relatives of all other bilaterally symmetrical animals (Nephrozoa) or simplified relatives of echinoderms and hemichordates (Xenambulacraria). In both cases, one of the alternative topologies must be a result of errors in tree reconstruction. Here, using empirical data and simulations, we show that the Ctenophora-first and Nephrozoa topologies (but not Porifera-first and Ambulacraria topologies) are strongly supported by analyses affected by systematic errors. Accommodating this finding suggests that empirical studies supporting Ctenophora-first and Nephrozoa trees are likely to be explained by systematic error. This would imply that the alternative Porifera-first and Xenambulacraria topologies, which are supported by analyses designed to minimize systematic error, are the most credible current alternatives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.