SynthesisBMJ open2020
Incidence and trend of preterm birth in China, 1990-2016: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Preterm delivery rate in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of family integrated care on the prognosis of premature infants.BMC pediatrics · 2022Trial
- Analysis of adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2023: Incidence, temporal trends, and risk factors.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Article
- Association of cured chronic endometritis after antibiotic treatment with outcomes of the subsequent frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle among women with first implantation failure: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Interaction between maternal CRP levels and diabetes on preterm delivery risk: a retrospective observation study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Observational
- Chinese guideline for the prevention and control of complications associated to umbilical venous catheterization in neonates (2025).Pediatric investigation · 2026Article
- Identification of cell senescence-related genes in spontaneous preterm birth based on bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.PloS one · 2026Article
- Association between COVID-19 outbreak and preterm birth rates in a low-infection cohort from a tertiary Shanghai maternity center: a retrospective study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Predicting extrauterine growth restriction at the parenteral-enteral nutrition transition: a model for risk identification in very preterm infants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based prediction algorithm of spontaneous preterm birth using multi-source data.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Association between maternal plasma glucose levels during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth: a retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Systemic inflammation indices measured shortly before delivery are not associated with preterm birth in pregnant women with endometriosis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Construction and Validation of a PCA-Based Prediction Model for Preterm Infant Stunting Risk: A Retrospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence, Incidence, and Temporal Trend of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Its Association with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in High and Low-Middle Income Countries: A Narrative Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Review
- Development of a spontaneous preterm birth predictive model using a panel of serum protein biomarkers for early pregnant women: A nested case-control study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Article
- Determinants of early lactation failure in mothers of moderately preterm neonates: a multilevel analysis of survey data.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- KLF4 orchestrates a Ccl2+ fibroblast-mediated inflammatory network driving preterm birth.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Secular variation and risk factors of preterm birth in Hainan, the Free Trade Port in China from 2010 to 2021.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Observational
- Trends in the Incidence of High-Risk Newborns Based on a New Conceptual Framework - Beijing Municipality, China, 2013-2022.China CDC weekly · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo update the WHO estimate of preterm birth rate in China in 1990-2016 and to further explore variations by geographic regions and years of occurrence.
designSystematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Sinomed databases were searched from 1990 to 2018. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Studies were included if they provided preterm birth data with at least 500 total births. Reviews, case-control studies, intervention studies and studies with insufficient information or published before 1990 were excluded. We estimated pooled incidence of preterm birth by a random effects model, and preterm birth rate in different year, region and by livebirths or all births in subgroup analyses.
resultsOur search identified 3945 records. After the removal of duplicates and screening of titles and abstracts, we reviewed 254 studies in full text and excluded 182, leaving 72 new studies. They were combined with the 82 studies included in the WHO report (154 studies, 187 data sets in total for the meta-analysis), including 24 039 084 births from 1990 to 2016. The pooled incidence of preterm birth in China was 6.09% (95% CI 5.86% to 6.31%) but has been steadily increasing from 5.36% (95% CI 4.89% to 5.84%) in 1990-1994 to 7.04% (95% CI 6.09% to 7.99%) in 2015-2016. The annual rate of increase was about 1.05% (95% CI 0.85% to 1.21%). Northwest China appeared to have the highest preterm birth rate (7.3%, 95% CI 4.92% to 9.68% from 1990 to 2016).
conclusionsThe incidence of preterm birth in China has been rising gradually in the past three decades. It was 7% in 2016. Preterm birth rate varied by region with the West having the highest occurrence.
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