ReviewNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2021
Presentations and mechanisms of CNS disorders related to COVID-19.
Review in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurological and Head/Eyes/Ears/Nose/Throat Manifestations of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques · 2022Pooled it
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and COVID-19: A systematic synthesis of worldwide cases.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2021Pooled it
- Post-acute Corticospinal and Spinal Tractopathy after Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Novel Post-infectious Neurological Syndrome?Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Cognitive and Psychological Symptoms in Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review of Structural and Functional Neuroimaging, Neurophysiology, and Intervention Studies.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Review
- Fatal Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in a 17-Year-Old Girl with COVID-19: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Innate immune sensors and regulators at the blood brain barrier: focus on toll-like receptors and inflammasomes as mediators of neuro-immune crosstalk and inflammation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 by Constructing a Comorbidity Network with Central Nervous System Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Congenital anomalies and predisposition to severe COVID-19 among pediatric patients in the United States.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Neuropsychiatric complications of coronavirus disease 2019: Mount Sinai Health System cohort study.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Cognitive profile, neuroimaging and fluid biomarkers in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Related Extrapyramidal Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Unusual Demyelinating Disease of the Central Nervous System Involving Bilateral Corticospinal Tracts Following COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19 With Acute Encephalopathy and Coma: An International Prospective Study.Neurology · 2023Observational
- Coronavirus disease 2019 and acute cerebrovascular events: a comprehensive overview.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- COVID-19-Induced Stroke and the Potential of Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Neuroinflammation.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease and COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2023Review
- Article
- Encephalitis with status epilepticus and stroke as complications of non-severe COVID-19 in a young female patient: a case report.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- Neurological effects of COVID-19 in infants and children.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2022Review
- Chronological brain lesions after SARS-CoV-2 infection in hACE2-transgenic mice.Veterinary pathology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to severe respiratory symptoms, there are a growing number of reports showing a wide range of CNS complications in patients with COVID-19. Here, we review the literature on these complications, ranging from nonspecific symptoms to necrotizing encephalopathies, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, endotheliitis, and stroke. We postulate that there are several different mechanisms involved in COVID-19-associated CNS dysfunction, particularly activation of inflammatory and thrombotic pathways and, in a few patients, a direct viral effect on the endothelium and the parenchyma. Last, critically ill patients frequently present with protracted cognitive dysfunction in the setting of septic encephalopathy likely due to multifactorial mechanisms. Further studies are needed to clarify the relative contribution of each of these mechanisms, but available data suggest that CNS complications in COVID-19 are rare and probably not directly caused by the virus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.