ReviewApplied and environmental microbiology2021
Encapsulation and Delivery of Therapeutic Phages.
Review in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacteriophages as post-harvest biocontrol agents againstFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Bacteriophage Sf14 survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Bacteriophages as Phagobiotics: Scientific Rationale and Translational Boundaries for Gut Microbiome Modulation.Viruses · 2026Review
- Targeting Foodborne Pathogens with Bacteriophages: Mechanisms, Applications, and Resistance.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune Responses to Phage Therapy in Humans: A Review.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Metagenomic analysis of fecal microbial communities in dairy goats from different farms.Protoplasma · 2026Article
- Isolation and characterization of a novel phage AbT1 and evaluating its anti-biofilm activity and antibiotic synergy.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Alginate encapsulation enhanced the gastrointestinal stability and bactericidal efficacy of an optimized Salmonella phage cocktail for oral delivery in poultry feed.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Nano-Enabled Delivery of Phage-Based Antibacterials Against ESKAPE Pathogens.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Bacteriophage Therapy: Overcoming Antimicrobial Resistance Through Advanced Delivery Methods.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Phage therapy againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- A review on phytochemical and bacteriophage based therapeutic strategies for the management of Brucellosis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Characterization and phage-antibiotic synergy of bacteriophages PES-1 and PES-2 against porcine enterotoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Management of Diabetic Foot Infections Using Phage Therapy.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Harnessing phages in the age of antibiotic resistance: immunological perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Revolutionizing diabetic foot ulcer treatment: phage therapy as a next-generation antimicrobial approach- a review on breaking the cycle of resistance.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Phage therapy of perinephric abscess in kidney transplantation recipients caused by drug-resistantmLife · 2025Article
- Engineered Phage-Guided Nanotherapeutic Systems for Precision Antibacterial Therapy: Hacking Bacterial Resistance Mechanisms.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Latest Advances in Inhalable Dry Powder Bacteriophage Therapy for Pulmonary Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Delivery of therapeutic compounds to the site of action is crucial. While many chemical substances such as beta-lactam antibiotics can reach therapeutic levels in most parts throughout the human body after administration, substances of higher molecular weight such as therapeutic proteins may not be able to reach the site of action (e.g. an infection), and are therefore ineffective. In the case of therapeutic phages, i.e. viruses that infect microbes that can be used to treat bacterial infections, this problem is exacerbated; not only are phages unable to penetrate tissues, but phage particles can be cleared by the immune system and phage proteins are rapidly degraded by enzymes or inactivated by the low pH in the stomach. Yet, the use of therapeutic phages is a highly promising strategy, in particular for infections caused by bacteria that exhibit multi-drug resistance. Clinicians increasingly encounter situations where no treatment options remain available for such infections, where antibiotic compounds are ineffective. While the number of drug-resistant pathogens continues to rise due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, no new compounds are becoming available as many pharmaceutical companies discontinue their search for chemical antimicrobials. In recent years, phage therapy has undergone massive innovation for the treatment of infections caused by pathogens resistant to conventional antibiotics. While most therapeutic applications of phages are well described in the literature, other aspects of phage therapy are less well documented. In this review, we focus on the issues that are critical for phage therapy to become a reliable standard therapy and describe methods for efficient and targeted delivery of phages, including their encapsulation.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.