ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
The reinforcement threshold and elasticity of demand for nicotine in an adolescent rat model of depression.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preclinical abuse potential testing using behavioral economics and drug self-administration demand-curve analysis: A strategy to improve resolution of drug stratification for regulatory control.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- β-Nicotyrine and e-cigarette abuse liability II: Behavioral economic demand and intracranial self-stimulation in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- An Updated Bio-Behavioral Profile of the Flinders Sensitive Line Rat: Reviewing the Findings of the Past Decade.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Review
- Identification of molecular targets of Hypericum perforatum in blood for major depressive disorder: a machine-learning pharmacological study.Chinese medicine · 2024Article
- The role of β-Nicotyrine in E-Cigarette abuse liability I: Drug Discrimination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The relative reinforcing efficacy of nicotine in an adolescent rat model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Monoamine oxidase inhibition in cigarette smokers: From preclinical studies to tobacco product regulation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is considering setting a nicotine standard for tobacco products to reduce their addictiveness. Such a standard should account for the apparent greater vulnerability to nicotine addiction in some subpopulations, such as adolescents with depression. The present study examined whether the reinforcement threshold and elasticity of demand (i.e., reinforcing efficacy) for nicotine in a genetic inbred rat model of depression (Flinders Sensitive Line [FSL]) differs from an outbred control strain.
methodsAcquisition of nicotine self-administration (NSA) across a wide range of nicotine doses was measured in both FSL and Sprague-Dawley (SD) control adolescent rats. At the highest dose, elasticity of demand was also measured. Nicotine pharmacokinetics was examined to determine whether it might modulate NSA, as it does smoking in humans.
resultsFSL rats acquired self-administration quicker and showed more inelastic demand (greater reinforcing efficacy) than SDs at the highest unit dose. However, there was no strain difference in the reinforcement threshold of nicotine. FSL rats exhibited faster nicotine clearance, larger volume of distribution, and lower plasma and brain nicotine concentrations. However, these differences were not consistently related to strain differences in NSA measures.
conclusionThese findings are consistent with studies showing greater dependence and reinforcing efficacy of cigarettes in smokers with depression and those with relatively fast nicotine metabolism. However, these findings also suggest that a nicotine standard to reduce initiation of tobacco use should be similarly effective in both the general adolescent population and those with depression.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.