Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33309815›Full record

ReviewAdvanced drug delivery reviews2021

Challenges and opportunities for antiviral monoclonal antibodies as COVID-19 therapy.

Carlos Cruz-Teran, Karthik Tiruthani, Morgan McSweeney, Alice Ma, Raymond Pickles, Samuel K Lai

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Development ofBeilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry: implications for biomedical strategies.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Dry powder formulations of hyperimmune serum.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 by monoclonal antibody through dual targeting powder formulation.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Recent advances in respiratory immunization: A focus on COVID-19 vaccines.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Antiviral Drugs and Vaccines for Omicron Variant: A Focused Review.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Carlos Cruz-TeranDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Karthik TiruthaniDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Morgan McSweeneyInhalon Biopharma, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
Alice MaUNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Raymond PicklesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Samuel K LaiDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Inhalon Biopharma, Durham, NC 27709, USA; UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: lai@unc.edu.

Funding

Re-Entry Supplement: Investigation of Oral Microbial Enzymes for the Detection and Treatment of Periodontal DiseaseUL1TR002489 · NCATS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI BUSE, JOHN BERNARD, SHAHEEN, NICHOLAS J · 2018 to 2022
$48.6M
In vivo dose finding for IN-002 in neonatal lambs for inhaled immunotherapy of RSVR44AI138728 · NIAID · MUCOMMUNE, LLC · PI CONE, RICHARD · 2020 to 2021
$2.0M
Development of RespiraClear for targeted mucosal treatment of RSV infectionsR44AI141054 · NIAID · MUCOMMUNE, LLC · PI CONE, RICHARD · 2019 to 2022
$1.8M
Diffusion of viruses across human airway mucus and trapping by antibodiesR21AI090507 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LAI, SAMUEL · 2011 to 2012
$403k
Inhaled 'muco-trapping' antibody as universal immunotherapy for influenza virus infectionsR43AI155185 · NIAID · MUCOMMUNE, LLC · PI CONE, RICHARD · 2020 to 2020
$275k
Aerosol immunotherapy for treatment of human metapneumovirus infectionR43AI149894 · NIAID · MUCOMMUNE, LLC · PI CONE, RICHARD · 2020 to 2020
$262k
Nebulized 'muco-trapping' antibodies for treating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infectionsR43AI138728 · NIAID · MUCOMMUNE, LLC · PI CONE, RICHARD · 2018 to 2018
$225k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002489NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI090507NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI138728NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI149894NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI155185NIAID NIH HHS R44 AI138728NIAID NIH HHS R44 AI141054
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To address the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an unprecedented global effort to advance potent neutralizing mAbs against SARS-CoV-2 as therapeutics. However, historical efforts to advance antiviral monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for the treatment of other respiratory infections have been met with categorical failures in the clinic. By investigating the mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 and similar viruses spread within the lung, along with available biodistribution data for systemically injected mAb, we highlight the challenges faced by current antiviral mAbs for COVID-19. We summarize some of the leading mAbs currently in development, and present the evidence supporting inhaled delivery of antiviral mAb as an early intervention against COVID-19 that could prevent important pulmonary morbidities associated with the infection.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2AnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntiviral AgentsCOVID-19COVID-19 SerotherapyHumansImmunization, PassiveImmunologic FactorsProtein Structure, SecondaryProtein Structure, TertiarySARS-CoV-2Virus SheddingAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antibodies, MonoclonalAntiviral AgentsImmunologic Factors

Identifiers

PMID33309815
PMCPMC7833882

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.