ArticleJournal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics2021
Evidence That Changes in Community Food Environments Lead to Changes in Children's Weight: Results from a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Food Environment and Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Disseminating and Implementing the Science of Pediatric Obesity Treatment and Prevention.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Environmental Determinants of Pediatric Obesity: An Epidemiological Review.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Using implementation mapping to optimize the impact of Universal School meals: a type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness study protocol.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Changes in the food environment surrounding schools in four New Jersey school districts between school years 2012-13 and 2019-20.Preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Socio-Ecologic Influences on Weight Trajectories Among Children with Obesity Living in Rural and Urban Settings.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2024Article
- The relationship between community food environment around schools and student meal participation: the role of school CEP participation status.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Design of an innovative digital application to facilitate access to healthy foods in low-income urban settings.mHealth · 2024Article
- Food Environments Within and Outside of Schools Play a Critical Role in Curtailing the Rise in Obesity among School-Aged Children over Time.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Changes in Policy Supports for Healthy Food Retailers, Farmers Markets, and Breastfeeding Among US Municipalities, 2014-2021: National Survey of Community-Based Policy and Environmental Supports for Healthy Eating and Active Living (CBS-HEAL).Preventing chronic disease · 2023Article
- Community Solutions to Increase the Healthfulness of Grocery Stores: Perspectives of Immigrant Parents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The relationship between changes in neighborhood physical environment and changes in physical activity among children: a prospective cohort study.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments.Nutrients · 2023Article
- The link between gentrification, children's egocentric food environment, and obesity.Housing policy debate · 2023Article
- Fruit and Vegetable Shopping Behavior and Intake among Low-Income Minority Households with Elementary-Aged Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The community food environment moderates the relationship between active commuting to school and child weight status.Journal of transport & health · 2022Article
- Differential Associations Between Changes in Food Environment and Changes in BMI Among Adults Living in Urban, Low-Income Communities.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- School Garden Prevalence Before and After the Implementation of the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act.The Journal of school health · 2022Article
- Applications of Complex Systems Models to Improve Retail Food Environments for Population Health: A Scoping Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStrategies to improve the community food environment have been recommended for addressing childhood obesity, but evidence substantiating their effectiveness is limited.
objectiveOur aim was to examine the impact of changes in availability of key features of the community food environment, such as supermarkets, small grocery stores, convenience stores, upgraded convenience stores, pharmacies, and limited service restaurants, on changes in children's body mass index z scores (zBMIs).
designWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study. PARTICIPANTS/
settingTwo cohorts of 3- to 15-year-old children living in 4 low-income New Jersey cities were followed during 2- to 5-year periods from 2009 through 2017. Data on weight status were collected at 2 time points (T1 and T2) from each cohort; data on food outlets in the 4 cities and within a 1-mile buffer around each city were collected multiple times between T1 and T2.
main outcome measuresWe measured change in children's zBMIs between T1 and T2. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Changes in the food environment were conceptualized as exposure to changes in counts of food outlets across varying proximities (0.25 mile, 0.5 mile, and 1.0 mile) around a child's home, over different lengths of time a child was exposed to these changes before T2 (12 months, 18 months, and 24 months). Multivariate models examined patterns in relationships between changes in zBMI and changes in the food environment.
resultsIncreased zBMIs were observed in children with greater exposure to convenience stores over time, with a consistent pattern of significant associations across varying proximities and lengths of exposure. For example, exposure to an additional convenience store over 24 months within 1 mile of a child's home resulted in 11.7% higher odds (P = 0.007) of a child being in a higher zBMI change category at T2. Lower zBMIs were observed in children with increased exposure to small grocery stores selling an array of healthy items, with exposure to an additional small grocery store within 1 mile over 24 months, resulting in 37.3% lower odds (P < 0.05) of being in a higher zBMI change category at T2. No consistent patterns were observed for changes in exposure to supermarkets, limited service restaurants, or pharmacies.
conclusionsIncreased availability of small grocery stores near children's homes may improve children's weight status, whereas increased availability of convenience stores is likely to be detrimental.
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