ArticleJournal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation2021
Spot Urine Samples to Estimate Na and K Intake in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Healthy Adults: A Secondary Analysis From a Controlled Feeding Study.
Article in Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sodium Intake Estimation in Chronic Kidney Disease: From Measurement Methods to Clinical Outcomes.Turkish journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Serum Metabolomic Markers of Dietary Potassium and Risk of CKD.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- Dietary acid load and the risk of events of mortality and kidney replacement therapy in people with chronic kidney disease: the Progredir Cohort Study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Estimation of dietary intake of sodium, potassium, phosphorus and protein in healthy Indian population and patients with chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- RAASi Therapy Attenuates the Association between 24-h Urinary Potassium Excretion and Dietary Potassium Intake in CKD Patients.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Estimating 24-Hour Urinary Excretion of Sodium and Potassium Is More Reliable from 24-Hour Urine Than Spot Urine Sample in a Feeding Study of US Older Postmenopausal Women.Current developments in nutrition · 2021Article
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the agreement between estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (e24hUNa) and estimated 24-hour urinary potassium excretion (e24hUK), calculated from a spot urine sample using several available equations and actual sodium and potassium intake from a controlled diet in both healthy participants and those with chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN AND
methodsThis study is a secondary analysis of a controlled feeding study in CKD patients matched to healthy controls. Participants (n = 16) consumed the controlled diet, which provided ∼2400 mg Na/day and ∼3000 mg K/day, for 8 days. On days 7 and 8, participants consumed all meals and collected all urine in an inpatient research setting, and they were discharged on day 9. The day 7 morning spot urine sample was used to calculate e24hUNa and e24hUK, which was compared with known sodium and potassium intake, respectively.
resultsAverage e24hUNa from the INTERSALT and Tanaka-Na equations were higher than actual sodium intake by 373 mg and 559 mg, respectively, though the differences were not significant. e24hUNa from the Nerbass-SALTED equation in CKD participants was significantly higher than actual sodium intake by ∼2000 mg (P < .001), though e24hUNa from the Nerbass-RRID equation was not different from intake. e24hUK from the Tanaka-K equation was significantly lower than actual potassium intake (P < .001). For both e24hUNa and e24hUK for all participants, agreement with actual intake was poor, and e24hUNa and e24hUK were not correlated with actual sodium or potassium intake, respectively.
conclusione24hUNa and e24hUK are poor indicators of true sodium and potassium intake, respectively, in both healthy and CKD participants. Findings should be confirmed in larger sample sizes with varying levels of dietary sodium and potassium.
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