ArticleKorean journal of ophthalmology : KJO2021
A Pilot Clinical Study of Ocular Prosthesis Fabricated by Three-dimensional Printing and Sublimation Technique.
Article in Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of medical student performance and satisfaction of simulator-based direct ophthalmoscopy training using a new refractive adjustment fundoscopic examination simulator-ICEyeModel: a comparative randomised crossover study.BMC medical education · 2025Trial
- Clinical application of additive manufacturing in maxillofacial prosthetics: A scoping review.Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists · 2026Article
- Oculopalpebral prosthesis prototype design using the additive manufacturing technique: A case study.JPRAS open · 2024Article
- Towards Precision Ophthalmology: The Role of 3D Printing and Bioprinting in Oculoplastic Surgery, Retinal, Corneal, and Glaucoma Treatment.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Automatic data-driven design and 3D printing of custom ocular prostheses.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Efficacy of 3D-printed eye model to enhance retinoscopy skills.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Utilizing 3D Printing Technology to Create Prosthetic Irises: Proof of Concept and Workflow.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Recent Advances of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: Prominence of Ocular Implants for Chronic Eye Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- 3D Printing in Eye Care.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of patient-specific ocular prostheses produced by three-dimensional (3D) printing and the sublimation technique. A comparison with prostheses produced using manual manufacturing methods was then performed.
methodsTo confirm the biological and physiochemical safety, cytotoxicity, systemic acute toxicity, intradermal reaction, and skin sensitization tests were conducted according to the International Organization for Standardization guidelines. The compressive strength of the prostheses was also tested. Further, a case series of three patients who wore the 3D printed prostheses for more than eight hours daily for 4 weeks was executed. Self-assessments by these individuals using a questionnaire and safety evaluations focusing on the occurrence of conjunctival inflammation or allergic reactions according to the Cornea and Contact Lens Research Unit criteria by slit-lamp examination and similarity assessment were completed.
resultsThe 3D printed ocular prostheses met the necessary qualifications per the biological and physiochemical safety tests, showing the absence of cytotoxicity, acute systemic toxicity, intradermal reactivity, and skin-sensitizing potency. Also, there was no difference in strength test results between previous ocular prostheses and the 3D printed ones. Self-assessment by the patients yielded satisfactory results, with no significant difference in the level of satisfaction reported for the 3D printed and previous handmade ocular prostheses. The 3D printed prosthesis did not trigger any side effects in the conjunctival sac and showed similar objective findings with respect to the color of the iris, sclera, and vessel patterns.
conclusionsOur study confirms the biologic and physiochemical safety of 3D-printed ocular prostheses created using computer-aided design technology and a sublimation technique. The patients' questionnaires and the judgment of the ophthalmologists/ocularists showed that the 3D printed ocular prosthesis was acceptable in function and appearance through a case series report.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.