SynthesisAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2021
Association of Total Nut, Tree Nut, Peanut, and Peanut Butter Consumption with Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
Synthesis in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sustainable dietary recommendations for the Spanish population.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Association between adhering to a dietary approach to stop hypertension and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for breast cancer: an umbrella review of observational cohort studies and causal relationship analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Nut Consumption on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Consumption of Nuts and Seeds and Health Outcomes Including Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Cancer, and Mortality: An Umbrella Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Walnut consumption and health outcomes with public health relevance-a systematic review of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials published from 2017 to present.Nutrition reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Diets, Dietary Patterns, Single Foods and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Almond Consumption on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Role of nut and seed intake on telomere length as a biomarker of ageing: a systematic review of observational and interventional studies.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular Disease Meets Cancer: Exploring the Epidemiology in China and Homotherapy Targeting Intersectional Mechanisms.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Bioactive Properties of Hazelnut-Derived Products in Colorectal Cancer Prevention: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Epidemiological Studies.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Impact of Peanut Consumption on Telomere Length in Young and Healthy Individuals: Insights from the ARISTOTLE Study: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Improved Recognition of the Nutrition and Health Benefits of Nuts and Seeds Within the Health Star Rating System.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Quantitative screening of geranylgeranoic acid in selected plant-based foods using LC/MS/MS.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective.Journal of internal medicine · 2024Review
- Pro-Inflammatory Food, Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular and Pancreatic Diseases.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Believe It or 'Nutrients · 2023Review
- Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Walnut Constituents: Focus on Personalized Cancer Prevention and the Microbiome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Dried Fruits, Nuts, and Cancer Risk and Survival: A Review of the Evidence and Future Research Directions.Nutrients · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Data on the association of nut intake with risk of cancer and its mortality are conflicting. Although previous meta-analyses summarized available findings in this regard, some limitations may distort their findings. Moreover, none of these meta-analyses examined the dose-response associations of total nut intake with the risk of specific cancers as well as associations between specific types of nuts and cancer mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize available findings on the associations of total nut (tree nuts and peanuts), tree nut (walnuts, pistachios, macadamia nuts, pecans, cashews, almonds, hazelnuts, and Brazil nuts), peanut (whole peanuts without considering peanut butter), and peanut butter consumption with risk of cancer and its mortality by considering the above-mentioned points. We searched the online databases until March 2020 to identify eligible articles. In total, 43 articles on cancer risk and 9 articles on cancer mortality were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis. The summary effect size (ES) for risk of cancer, comparing the highest with lowest intakes of total nuts, was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.92, P < 0.001, I2 = 58.1%; P < 0.01), indicating a significant inverse association. Such a significant inverse association was also seen for tree nut intake (pooled ES: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96, P < 0.01, I2 = 15.8%; P = 0.28). Based on the dose-response analysis, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with 3%, 6%, and 25% lower risks of overall, pancreatic, and colon cancers, respectively. In terms of cancer mortality, we found 13%, 18%, and 8% risk reductions with higher intakes of total nuts, tree nuts, and peanuts, respectively. In addition, a 5-g/d increase in total nut intake was associated with a 4% lower risk of cancer mortality. In conclusion, our findings support the protective association between total nut and tree nut intake and the risk of cancer and its mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.