ArticleInternational journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology2021
Subtle olfactory dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in children.
Article in International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Asymptomatic viruses detectable in saliva in the first year of life: a narrative review.Pediatric research · 2024Pooled it
- Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Chemical senses · 2023Pooled it
- Signs and symptoms to determine if a patient presenting in primary care or hospital outpatient settings has COVID-19.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Olfactory dysfunction amongst children and adolescents with laboratory confirmed coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review.The Journal of laryngology and otology · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence of Smell or Taste Dysfunction Among Children With COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- A multi-country study on the impact of sex and age on oral features of COVID-19 infection in adolescents and young adults.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Differences in pediatric SARS-CoV-2 symptomology and Co-infection rates among COVID-19 Pandemic waves.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2022Article
- Neurological effects of COVID-19 in infants and children.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2022Review
- International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022Review
- Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- Clinical significance of olfactory dysfunction in patients of COVID-19.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2021Review
- Otolaryngology manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric patients.International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesAnosmia/hyposomia have been described as early signs of COVID-19 infection in adults, including young asymptomatic patients who commonly refer olfactory disfunction as their only clinical manifestation. Very few studies involving paediatric age patients have been published until now. This study aims to determine the presence of olfactory dysfunction in children with COVID-19 infection through the use of a self-reported questionnaire and a new olfactory screening tool.
methodsNested case-control study. All paediatric patients screened by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies for COVID-19 infection, during the study period (March-May 2020), were asked to respond to a questionnaire about symptoms of olfactory disfunction. Patients above six years old also performed an odor identification test based on seven odorants (Kradeo®). This test was designed based on our cultural context and eating habits.
results126 patients were recruited, including 33 with COVID-19 infection. 15% of the infected children referred anosmia and/or dysgeusia on the questionnaire, all of them were older than eleven years. The results of the odor test (69 patients) revealed subtle disturbances in the infected group (mostly misrecognition of odorants). Median odorant recognition was 3 odors [Interquartile range (IQR) 2-4] in case group and 4 [IQR 3-5] in controls. Male patients showed significantly larger disturbances than girls in both groups (p = 0.03).
conclusionSelf-referred prevalence of olfactory disfunction in our sample of infected children is lower than that described in adults, especially among the youngest ones, maybe due to immature development of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors expressed in nasal mucosa. Nevertheless, one month after infection, subtle disturbances (misrecognition of odors) were identified among the infected children. This screening olfactory test provides a hygienic, user-friendly tool, suitable for screening children older than six years of age.
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