ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2021
BCG vaccination in health care providers and the protection against COVID-19.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of vaccine platform and BCG vaccination on antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Trial
- Role of Trained Immunity in Heath and Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- PBMC and fibroblast cocultures to mimic themicroPublication biology · 2025Article
- The impact of mycobacteria-induced trained immunity on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Neuropathological lesions in intravenous BCG-stimulated K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation of innate immune dynamics during inflammation.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
- Altered DNA methylation underlies monocyte dysregulation and immune exhaustion memory in sepsis.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Altered DNA methylation underlies monocyte dysregulation and immune exhaustion memory in sepsis.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Intravenous BCG vaccination reduces SARS-CoV-2 severity and promotes extensive reprogramming of lung immune cells.iScience · 2023Article
- Article
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced trained immunity protects against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in K18-hACE2 mice.JCI insight · 2022Article
- Passive Samplers, an Important Tool for Continuous Monitoring of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Review
- Dynamic single-cell RNA sequencing reveals BCG vaccination curtails SARS-CoV-2 induced disease severity and lung inflammation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Exploiting natural antiviral immunity for the control of pandemics: Lessons from Covid-19.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2022Review
- A century of BCG vaccination: Immune mechanisms, animal models, non-traditional routes and implications for COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 total immunoglobulins in a series of convalescent plasma and blood donors.PloS one · 2022Article
- Off-target effects of bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2: implications for protection against severe COVID-19.Clinical & translational immunology · 2022Article
- COVID-19 vaccine uptake among health care workers in Ghana: a case for targeted vaccine deployment campaigns in the global south.Human resources for health · 2021Article
- Effectiveness of booster BCG vaccination in preventing Covid-19 infection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- 100 years of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy: from cattle to COVID-19.Nature reviews. Urology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine candidates have shown promising results, but substantial uncertainty remains regarding their effectiveness and global rollout. Boosting innate immunity with bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) or other live attenuated vaccines may also play a role in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. BCG has long been known for its nonspecific beneficial effects that are most likely explained by epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells, termed trained immunity. In this issue of the JCI, Rivas et al. add to these arguments by showing that BCG-vaccinated health care providers from a Los Angeles health care organization had lower rates of COVID-19 diagnoses and seropositivity compared with unvaccinated individuals. Prospective clinical trials are thus warranted to explore the effects of BCG vaccination in COVID-19. We posit that beyond COVID-19, vaccines such as BCG that elicit trained immunity may mitigate the impact of emerging pathogens in future pandemics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.