ArticleComputational and structural biotechnology journal2020
Identification of type VI secretion system toxic effectors using adaptors as markers.
Article in Computational and structural biotechnology journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tvp complexes support formation of the VgrG-PAAR spike during Type VI secretion system assembly.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- The secretion of Pseudomonas unconventional peroxidase facilitates extracellular carbon acquisition from heterogeneous lignin.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Not just passengers: effectors contribute to the assembly of the type VI secretion system as structural building blocks.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Global biogeography and projection of antimicrobial toxin genes.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Identification of type VI secretion system effector-immunity pairs using structural bioinformatics.Molecular systems biology · 2024Article
- Genome wide analysis revealed conserved domains involved in the effector discrimination of bacterial type VI secretion system.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Killing in the name of: T6SS structure and effector diversity.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
- PAT: a comprehensive database of prokaryotic antimicrobial toxins.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- T6SS Accessory Proteins, Including DUF2169 Domain-Containing Protein and Pentapeptide Repeats Protein, Contribute to Bacterial Virulence in T6SS Group_5 ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- TssI2-TsiI2 ofGut microbesArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxic effectors secreted by the type VI secretion system (T6SS) facilitate interbacterial warfare, as well as pathogenesis toward humans, animals and plants. However, systematically predicting T6SS effectors remains challenging due to their sequence and functional diversity. In this study, we systematically identified putative T6SS toxic effectors in prokaryotic genomes on the basis of the observation that genes encoding adaptor proteins and genes encoding cognate effector proteins are generally adjacent in the genome. Adaptor proteins are mediators that help to load their cognate effectors onto the T6SS spike complex. The contextual genes of the known adaptor proteins (DUF1795, DUF2169 or DUF4123) all exhibited a high proportion of encoding T6SS spike complex protein (VgrG or PAAR) and effector proteins. On the basis of the genomic context, we found that PRK06147 might be a novel adaptor protein. These four adaptors are widely distributed among the bacterial genomes. From neighbors of 5297 adaptor genes, we identified 1356 putative effector genes from 92 different families, and two-thirds were currently annotated as hypothetical proteins or as having unknown functions. Our results indicate that each class of adaptors can be used as an effective marker to identify T6SS toxic effectors, moreover, this approach can promote the discovery of new effectors.
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