ReviewEuropean journal of internal medicine2021
How does SARS-CoV-2 targets the elderly patients? A review on potential mechanisms increasing disease severity.
Review in European journal of internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of a model for early prediction of severe/critical COVID-19 in elderly patients.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Retrospective study of factors associated with the clinical severity of covid-19 in older adults in Minas Gerais: structural equation modeling.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2024Article
- NK Cell Mitochondrial Membrane Potential-Associated Model Predicts Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Dietary intervention with functional foods modulating gut microbiota for improving the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.Heliyon · 2023Review
- A study protocol of external validation of eight COVID-19 prognostic models for predicting mortality risk in older populations in a hospital, primary care, and nursing home setting.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2023Article
- Insufficient epitope-specific T cell clones are responsible for impaired cellular immunity to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in older adults.Nature aging · 2023Article
- The association of prior paracetamol intake with outcome of very old intensive care patients with COVID-19: results from an international prospective multicentre trial.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Evaluating risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection of the elderly in the public bus under personalized air supply.Sustainable cities and society · 2022Article
- Association of chronic heart failure with mortality in old intensive care patients suffering from Covid-19.ESC heart failure · 2022Article
- Comparison of Cycle Threshold and Clinical Status Among Different Age Groups of COVID-19 Cases.Cureus · 2022Article
- The Impact of Age on In-Hospital Mortality in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective and Multicenter Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Adult patients admitted to a tertiary hospital for COVID-19 and risk factors associated with severity: a retrospective cohort study.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2022Observational
- Crohn's and Colitis Canada's 2021 Impact of COVID-19 and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada: Seniors With IBD.Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2-Questions and Experiences.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Lactate is associated with mortality in very old intensive care patients suffering from COVID-19: results from an international observational study of 2860 patients.Annals of intensive care · 2021Article
- How severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 aerosol propagates through the age-specific upper airways.Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994) · 2021Article
- Predicting Mortality Risk in Older Hospitalized Persons With COVID-19: A Comparison of the COVID-19 Mortality Risk Score with Frailty and Disability.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2021Observational
- Predictive Factors of Pulmonary Embolism in Older Patients with SARS-CoV-2: The OCTA-COVID-19 Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load on the Mortality of Hospitalized Patients: A Retrospective Analysis.Cureus · 2021Article
- Teleneurorehabilitation in the COVID-19 Era: What Are We Doing Now and What will We Do Next?Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
importanceAmong COVID-19 cases, especially the (frail) elderly show a high number of severe infections, hospital admissions, complications, and death. The highest mortality is found between 80 and 89 years old. Why do these patients have a higher risk of severe COVID-19? In this narrative review we address potential mechanisms regarding viral transmission, physical reserve and the immune system, increasing the severity of this infection in elderly patients. OBSERVATIONS: First, the spread of COVID-19 may be enhanced in elderly patients. Viral shedding may be increased, and early identification may be complicated due to atypical disease presentation and limited testing capacity. Applying hygiene and quarantine measures, especially in patients with cognitive disorders including dementia, can be challenging. Additionally, elderly patients have a decreased cardiorespiratory reserve and are more likely to have co-morbidity including atherosclerosis, rendering them more susceptible to complications. The aging innate and adaptive immune system is weakened, while there is a pro-inflammatory tendency. The effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the immune system on cytokine production and T-cells, further seem to aggravate this pro-inflammatory tendency, especially in patients with cardiovascular comorbidity, increasing disease severity. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The combination of all factors mentioned above contribute to the disease severity of COVID-19 in the older patient. While larger studies of COVID-19 in elderly patients are needed, understanding the factors increasing disease severity may improve care and preventative measures to protect the elderly patient at risk for (severe) COVID-19 in the future.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.