ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2020
Social Behaviour of Horses in Response to Vocalisations of Predators.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Observations on Anti-Predator Defense Behavior in Feral Horses in Venezuela.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Neuromodulation of swarming behavior inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Neuromodulation of Swarming Behavior inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Antipredator behaviour in semi-feral horses: innate response and the influence of external factors.Animal cognition · 2025Article
- The rhythm of horse gaits.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- Wolf contact in horses at permanent pasture in Germany.PloS one · 2023Article
- Can Sound Alone Act as a Virtual Barrier for Horses? A Preliminary Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Behavioural responses of Konik Polski horses to natural, familiar sound of thunderstorm, and unfamiliar similar-sounding sounds of volcanic eruption and sea storms.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that social defensive responses to the vocalisation of a predator still exist in horses. The recordings of a grey wolf, an Arabian leopard and a golden jackal were played to 20 Konik polski and Arabian mares. Durations of grazing, standing still, standing alert and the number of steps in walk and trot/canter were measured. In one-minute scans, the distances of the focal horse from the reference horse (DIST-RH) and from the nearest loudspeaker (DIST-LS) were approximated. The vocalisation of a leopard aroused the Arabians more than the Koniks (less grazing, stand-still and walk, more stand-alert and trotting/cantering). Koniks showed more relaxed behaviours to the leopard vocalisation (more grazing, stand-still and walk), but high alertness to the wolf playback (stand-alert, trotting/cantering). Spatial formation of the herd of Koniks showed tight grouping (lower DIST-RH) and maintaining distance from the potential threat (DIST-LS) in response to the wolf howling, while the Arabians approached the loudspeakers in linear herd formation when the leopard growls were played. Adult horses responded to potential predation by changing spatial group formations. This ability to apply a social strategy may be one of the explanations for the least number of horses among all hunted farm animal species.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.