SynthesisBioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy2021
Systematic Review and Principal Components Analysis of the Immunogenicity of Adalimumab.
Synthesis in BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal monitoring of adalimumab levels and anti-adalimumab antibodies in Chinese patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Narrative review of adalimumab for the treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis.Heart rhythm O2 · 2025Review
- A Bayesian model to analyse the association of comorbidities with biosimilar treatment retention in a non-medical switch scenario in patients with inflammatory rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- Adalimumab serum levels and anti-drug antibodies: associations to treatment response and drug survival in inflammatory joint diseases.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Observational
- Dynamics and implications of anti-drug antibodies against adalimumab using ultra-sensitive and highly drug-tolerant assays.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Assessing Immunogenicity of Biologic Drugs in Inflammatory Joint Diseases: Progress Towards Personalized Medicine.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe reported immunogenicity rates of adalimumab differ significantly between studies because of a wide variety of factors related to the disease, patients, study design, and products.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to characterize this variability and identify the major factors that contribute to these fluctuations.
methodsA systematic literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies that reported the immunogenicity rates of adalimumab were selected, and data pertaining to publication details, study characteristics, characteristics of the cohort at baseline, and immunogenicity were extracted. Records were sorted according to the immunogenicity assay type, and mean immunogenicity values for each assay type were calculated. Normalised immunogenicity was calculated for each report by subtracting the appropriate mean immunogenicity value. Collected data were subjected to statistical analysis, namely analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis, to unveil immunogenicity rate patterns across studies from a multivariate perspective.
resultsIn total, 130 publications were identified, from which 165 data records were extracted and included in the analysis. The immunogenicity rates of adalimumab averaged 24.9% across studies and varied significantly over time, ranging between 0 and 87%. An increase across time in the reported immunogenicity rates was detected, and the assay used to detect anti-adalimumab antibodies was a significant (but not exclusive) contributor to this trend. Furthermore, the principal components analysis revealed that the type of study and the exposure time were associated with the assay-normalised immunogenicity rates of adalimumab. Nonetheless, neither these nor the remaining factors included in this analysis seem to contribute to the temporal increase in reported immunogenicity rates.
conclusionsFuture studies that evaluate the patient-, product-, and disease-related factors behind the immunogenicity of adalimumab are required because the evidence published so far does not completely explain the temporal increase in immunogenicity rates detected in this analysis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.