ArticleCell death discovery2020
Macrophages produce and functionally respond to interleukin-34 in colon cancer.
Article in Cell death discovery, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subcellular transcriptome sequencing with single cell APEX-seq identifies regulators of cell-cell interactions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mechanoresponsive reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages during cancer progression.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Mutation in the rat interleukin 34 gene impacts macrophage development, homeostasis, and inflammation.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Intestinal epithelium-derived IL-34 reprograms macrophages to mitigate gastrointestinal tract graft-versus-host disease.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- The distinct role of IL-34 and IL-35 in gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Diversity of Microglia-Derived Molecules with Neurotrophic Properties That Support Neurons in the Central Nervous System and Other Tissues.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Insights into CSF-1R Expression in the Tumor Microenvironment.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The roles of tissue resident macrophages in health and cancer.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Significance of IL-34 and SDC-1 in the pathogenesis of RA cells and preclinical models.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Review
- Interleukins (Cytokines) as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: Progression, Detection, and Monitoring.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Targeted Therapy of Interleukin-34 as a Promising Approach to Overcome Cancer Therapy Resistance.Cancers · 2023Review
- PET/CT imaging of CSF1R in a mouse model of tuberculosis.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022Article
- A Micro-Immunotherapy Sequential Medicine MIM-seq Displays Immunomodulatory Effects on Human Macrophages and Anti-Tumor Properties towards In Vitro 2D and 3D Models of Colon Carcinoma and in an In Vivo Subcutaneous Xenograft Colon Carcinoma Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- FOXO3 Expression in Macrophages Is Lowered by a High-Fat Diet and Regulates Colonic Inflammation and Tumorigenesis.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteins in Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Their Applications in Cancers.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Targeting IL-34/MCSF-1R Axis in Colon Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Interleukin-34 Mediates Cross-Talk Between Stromal Cells and Immune Cells in the Gut.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Interleukin-34 promotes tumorigenic signals for colon cancer cells.Cell death discovery · 2021Review
- Complete mesocolic excision and central vascular ligation in colorectal cancer in the era of minimally invasive surgery.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Review
- Central vascular ligation and mesentery based abdominal surgery.Discover oncology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In colorectal cancer (CRC), macrophages represent a major component of the tumor mass and exert mostly functions promoting tumor cell survival, proliferation, and dissemination. Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a cytokine overproduced by colon cancer (CRC) cells and supposed to make a valid contribution to the growth and diffusion of CRC cells. The biological functions of IL-34 are mediated by the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR-1), which controls monocyte/macrophage differentiation, growth, and survival. We here investigated whether, in CRC, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) express M-CSFR-1 and functionally respond to IL-34. By flow-cytometry analysis of tumor-infiltrating cells (TICs) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) isolated from normal, adjacent mucosa of CRC patients, we showed that CD68/HLA-DRII-expressing TICs and LPMCs expressed M-CSFR-1. Both these cell types produced IL-34 even though the expression of the cytokine was more pronounced in TICs as compared to normal LPMCs. Moreover, in CRC samples, there was a positive correlation between IL-34-producing cells and CD68-positive cells. Stimulation of LPMCs and TICs with IL-34 resulted in enhanced expression of CD163 and CD206, two markers of type II-polarized macrophages, and this was evident at both RNA and protein level. In the same cell cultures, IL-34 stimulated expression and production of IL-6, a cytokine known to promote CRC cell growth and diffusion. Finally, knockdown of IL-34 in TICs with specific antisense oligonucleotides with: a specific antisesne oligonucleotide decreased IL-6 production and the number of TAMs producing this cytokine. This is the first to show a positive role of IL-34 in the control of TAMs in CRC, further supporting the notion that IL-34 sustains colon tumorigenesis.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.