ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2020
Lactation challenges of resident physicians- results of a national survey.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06014892 (The 4th Trimester Initiative), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The 4th Trimester Initiative: The Impact of Parental Support on Pregnant Trainee Wellbeing
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Initiatives to Support the Homelife of Women Physicians: A Systematic Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Supporting graduate medical trainees through parental leave: Best practices for program success.Journal of hospital medicine · 2026Article
- Nurturing Well-being in the Postpartum Period: How Psychiatry Programs Can Enhance Support for Lactating Trainees.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Pregnancy and Motherhood Experiences of Turkish Women Anaesthesiologists in Training and Work Life.Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding in the Context of Trauma and Previous Psychological Experiences: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Experiences of Lactation in GME: Are there Benefits Beyond the Parent and Infant?Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of Multifactorial Barriers Related to Breastfeeding.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout Among Resident Family Physicians.Family medicine · 2024Article
- Public policy on breastfeeding among working mothers in Taiwan: comparison between two national surveys.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- General Surgery Faculty Knowledge and Perceptions of Breast Pumping Amongst Postpartum Surgical Residents.World journal of surgery · 2023Article
- Pediatric Resident Perspectives on Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Training: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Trainees.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- Residency training experiences of residents with children: A phenomenological study.Medical education online · 2022Article
- Breastmilk pumping experiences of physician mothers: quantitative and qualitative findings from a nationwide survey study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Advocating For a Culture of Support for Lactating Medical Residents in Hawai'i.Hawai'i journal of health & social welfare · 2021Article
- Lactation accommodations at continuing medical education courses: Attendee attitudes, needs, preferences, and experiences.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere are unique challenges to parenting in residency and there is limited data to guide policy regarding lactation facilities and support for female physicians-in-training. We aimed to assess issues surrounding breast-feeding during graduate medical training for current residents or recent graduates from United States (US) residency programs.
methodsA national cross-sectional survey was sent to current and recently graduated (2017 and later) female residents in June 2020. This questionnaire was administered using the Qualtrics Survey tool and was open to each participating woman's organization for 4 weeks. Summary statistics were used to describe characteristics of all respondents and free-text responses were reviewed to identify common themes regarding avenues for improvement.
resultsThree hundred twelve women responded to the survey, representing a 15.6% response rate. The median duration of providing breastmilk was 9 months (IQR 6-12). 21% of residents reported access to usable lactation rooms within their training hospital, in which 12% reported a computer was present. 60% of lactating residents reported not having a place to store breast milk. 73% reported residency limited their ability to lactate, and 37% stopped prior to their desired goal. 40% reported their faculty and/or co-residents made them feel guilty for their decision to breastfeed, and 56% reported their difficulties with breastfeeding during residency impacted their mental health.
conclusionResidents who become mothers during training face significant obstacles to meeting their breastfeeding/pumping needs and goals. With these barriers defined, informed policy change can be instituted to improve the lactation experience for physicians-in-training.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.