ArticleCell reports2020
Heterogeneous Escape from X Chromosome Inactivation Results in Sex Differences in Type I IFN Responses at the Single Human pDC Level.
Article in Cell reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age modifies the association between sex and the plasma inflammatory proteome in treated HIV.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Trial
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- Sex-Biased Immunity: The Hidden Variable in Immuno-oncology.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent mechanisms in rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- How age and sex interaction is associated with immune aging with implications for vaccines and age-related autoimmunity.npj aging · 2026Review
- Persistent cytolytic CD8Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Is Oestradiol a Key Player in the Sex Differences in Innate Immunity Through Toll-like Receptor Activation?Cells · 2026Article
- The HIV Reservoir and Immune Landscape Across the Life Course of Women: Implications for Cure Strategies.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- The ageing immune system as a driver of systemic ageing.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- CircRNA profiles of extracellular vesicle-enriched fractions from ART suppressed pregnant women living with HIV identifies interactome networks key to inflammation and viral latency.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Sex differences in immune responses to viruses, bacteria and vaccines.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Factors Influencing HIV Infection.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- <p>Unveiling sex differences in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Current evidence and future directions (Review)</p>.International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Sex as a Biological Variable in Tuberculosis Pathogenesis.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Hormonal risk factors and androgen and glucocorticoid dysregulation in Sjogren's disease and non-Sjogren's sicca.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- IFITM3 at the viral fusion-pore checkpoint: membrane energetics and entry-route-dependent outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Hormone-dependent immune regulation shapes asthma heterogeneity across the female lifespan.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of sex differences in human dendritic cell, monocyte, and natural killer cell subsets.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Investigating Dysregulated X Chromosome Inactivation in Human B Cells and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by RNA FISH.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Clinical description, genetic analysis and characterization of two NLRP12 heterozygous VUS variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune responses differ between women and men, and type I interferon (IFN) responses following Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) stimulation are higher in women. The precise mechanisms driving these sex differences in immunity are unknown. To investigate possible genetic factors, we quantify escape from X chromosome inactivation (XCI) for TLR7 and four other genes (RPS6KA3, CYBB, BTK, and IL13RA1) at the single plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) level. We observe escape from XCI for all investigated genes, leading to biallelic expression patterns. pDCs with biallelic gene expression have significantly higher mRNA levels of the respective genes. Unstimulated pDCs with biallelic TLR7 expression exhibit significantly higher IFNα/β mRNA levels, and IFNα exposure results in significantly increased IFNα/β protein production by pDCs. These results identify unanticipated heterogeneity in escape from XCI of several genes in pDCs and highlight the important contribution of X chromosome factors to sex differences in type I IFN responses, which might explain observed sex differences in human diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.