SynthesisBrain and behavior2021
The epidemiology of primary headaches in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Synthesis in Brain and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- The epidemiology of primary headaches in patients with multiple sclerosis.Brain and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- The prevalence of comorbid migraine in multiple sclerosis: do multiple sclerosis and migraine really coexist?Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2026Article
- The meninges as a neuroimmune interface: structure, barriers and roles in CNS disease.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Review
- Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis and Primary Headache: Is There a Link?Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cerebral lesions in the central pain matrix are associated with headache in multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical Insights and Radiological Features on Multiple Sclerosis Comorbid with Migraine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Migraine in the multiple sclerosis prodrome: a prospective nationwide cohort study in pregnant women.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Multiple sclerosis: emerging epidemiological trends and redefining the clinical course.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Review
- Headache in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Headache and Other Pain Syndromes in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Risk factors of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis: a retrospective case-cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Headache in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Cross-Trait Mendelian Randomization Study to Investigate Whether Migraine Is a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology · 2023Article
- Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Comorbidities.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveRecent studies have shown a pathophysiologic link between headache and multiple sclerosis (MS), but the prevalence of primary headaches among patients with MS differs substantially across studies. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively gather available evidence to estimate the prevalence of primary headaches among patients with MS.
methodWe systematically searched the electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for cohort, case-control, cross-sectional studies that measured the prevalence of headache among patients with MS. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts to identify the eligible studies and the full texts of the included studies were reviewed. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the risk of bias of the included literatures. We then conducted a meta-analysis using Stata Software 15.0 to calculate the pooled prevalence of headaches among patients with MS and assess the source of heterogeneity.
resultsWe identified 16 eligible studies covering a total of 3,560 patients with MS. The pooled estimated prevalence of primary headaches among patients with MS was 56%. The statistical heterogeneity was moderate with I
conclusionThe overall prevalence of primary headaches among patients with MS was considerably high. Clinical screening of headache among patients with MS will be helpful to formulate an individualized treatment plans and alleviate the physical and mental impact of the disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.