ReviewEnvironment international2021
Low dose ionizing radiation effects on the immune system.
Review in Environment international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 225 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of serial radon spa therapy on pain and peripheral immune status in patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders- results from a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Low-Dose Radiotherapy Leads to a Systemic Anti-Inflammatory Shift in the Pre-Clinical K/BxN Serum Transfer Model and Reduces Osteoarthritic Pain in Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Impact of Low-Dose X-Ray Radiation Exposure on Lung Cancer Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Radon balneotherapy in rheumatologic diseases: potential mechanisms and implications for cardiovascular autonomic control and inflammation.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Nonlinear Redox-Immune Coupling Under Low-Dose-Rate Radiation: A Compartment-Specific Framework for Biological Responses-A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Digestive Tract Cancer: A Retrospective Study of the Epidemiological Profile of Populations Exposed and Not Exposed to Uranium Contamination in North Kazakhstan (2014-2023).Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Restorative effect of Rehmanniae radix praeparata on T-cell and NK-cell-mediated immune reconstitution in mice following radiation-induced injury.Journal of radiation research · 2026Article
- Post-Chornobyl thyroid papillary carcinomas display distinct pastScientific reports · 2026Article
- Signatures of Radiation-Induced Stress and Putative Selection on Immune Targets in Chornobyl Wolves.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- The Effects of Radioimmunotherapy and Antibiotics on Biofilm-Associated Implant Infections in a Preclinical Rat Model.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Article
- Sublethal DNA damage switches off B cell effector programs in an RA-FLS-PBMC co-culture.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Radiation-Induced Immune Modulation and Inflammatory Responses in Human Cells and Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From the Literature on Mining to Computational Verification: A Review of the Anti-Radiation Mechanisms of Sulfur Compounds in the Seeds ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- B cell-derived exosomal miR-34a-5p mediates radiation-induced bystander effect through ferroptosis.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals immune regulatory mechanisms and molecular therapeutic strategies in the microenvironment of multiple myeloma.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- The impact of long-term low-dose ionizing radiation on human health: risks and protective measures.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Tracking tuberculosis control using detailed population health and satellite luminosity data: findings from Kazakhstan.PloS one · 2026Article
- Understanding cardiac toxicity and immune responses to thoracic radiation therapy in non-small cell lung cancer - implications for future research.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Low-dose radiation exposure and health outcomes among healthcare workers: a multi-center prospective cohort study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ionizing radiation interacts with the immune system in many ways with a multiplicity that mirrors the complexity of the immune system itself: namely the need to maintain a delicate balance between different compartments, cells and soluble factors that work collectively to protect, maintain, and restore tissue function in the face of severe challenges including radiation damage. The cytotoxic effects of high dose radiation are less relevant after low dose exposure, where subtle quantitative and functional effects predominate that may go unnoticed until late after exposure or after a second challenge reveals or exacerbates the effects. For example, low doses may permanently alter immune fitness and therefore accelerate immune senescence and pave the way for a wide spectrum of possible pathophysiological events, including early-onset of age-related degenerative disorders and cancer. By contrast, the so called low dose radiation therapy displays beneficial, anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties in chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases. In this review, epidemiological, clinical and experimental data regarding the effects of low-dose radiation on the homeostasis and functional integrity of immune cells will be discussed, as will be the role of immune-mediated mechanisms in the systemic manifestation of localized exposures such as inflammatory reactions. The central conclusion is that ionizing radiation fundamentally and durably reshapes the immune system. Further, the importance of discovery of immunological pathways for modifying radiation resilience amongst other research directions in this field is implied.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.