Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33292584›Full record

ArticleFertility research and practice2020

Primary and secondary infertility in Africa: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Melese Shenkut Abebe, Mekbeb Afework, Yeshiwas Abaynew

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Fertility research and practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
11.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Correlation of anthropometric parameters with serum progesterone levels for the prediction of ovulation in infertile women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
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4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Melese Shenkut AbebeDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. melese19@yahoo.com.
Mekbeb AfeworkDepartment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Yeshiwas AbaynewDepartment of Biostatistics and epidemiology, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Wollo University · ETAddis Ababa University · ET

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfertility is a practical concern of Africans due to social disgrace and exclusion. This meta-analysis aims to analyze the proportion of primary and secondary infertility and identify the etiologic factors based on the studies conducted in Africa.

methodsAn internet-based search was conducted on the following databases; PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and google scholar. Both population and institution-based studies conducted among African couples, males, and females were included. Data extraction and critical appraisal of the articles were done by two independent investigators. Meta-analysis using a random effect model was conducted by Stata version 14. Forest plot, heterogeneity test, and funnel plot for publication bias were performed.

resultsThe pooled proportion of primary and secondary infertility in Africa was 49.91% (I

conclusionsIn Africa, the proportion of primary and secondary infertility is approximately equal. Infertility is mostly due to female-related causes like; pelvic inflammatory diseases, uterine tube related problems, and abortion. Oligospermia, asthenozoospermia, and varicocele were the commonest causes of male-related infertility. It is suggested that interpretation and utilization of these findings should consider the presence of substantial heterogeneity between the included studies.

Indexed as

AfricaMeta-analysisPrimary infertilityProportionSecondary infertility

Identifiers

PMID33292584
PMCPMC7709409
OpenAlexW3108785603

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.