ArticleImmunity & ageing : I & A2020
Effect of age and sex on immune checkpoint expression and kinetics in human T cells.
Article in Immunity & ageing : I & A, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Soluble CD40 Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association with Serum Cytokines and Autoantibody Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Soluble Immune Checkpoints as Prognostic Biomarkers in Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Chemotherapy and Anti-PD-L1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The problem with one-size-fits-all medicine: Biological sex and the aging immune system.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Multimodal analysis of molecular remodeling in aging spleen identified global and cell type specific changes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Age-stratified circulating immune signatures reveal non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence and cancer: molecular hallmarks, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and age-specific immunotherapy challenges.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Reduction of TRAF3 by heterozygosity or aging impacts B cell function.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Age-related inflammatory biomarkers in early-onset osteoporosis in females with Gaucher disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Patients with peripheral artery disease demonstrate altered expression of soluble and membrane-bound immune checkpoints.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- HHLA2: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in endocrine-related cancer.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- T cell dysfunction in elderly ARDS patients based on miRNA and mRNA integration analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Observational
- Article
- Immune checkpoint expression and relationships to anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade cancer immunotherapy efficacy in aged versus young mice.Aging and cancer · 2022Article
- The Heterogeneity of Immune Cell Infiltration Landscape and Its Immunotherapeutic Implications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoints are crucial molecules in maintaining a proper immune balance. Even though age and sex are known to have effects on the immune system, the interplay between age, sex and immune checkpoint expression by T cells is not known. The aim of this study was to determine whether age and sex affect immune checkpoint expression by T cells and if age and sex affect the kinetics of immune checkpoint expression following ex vivo stimulation. In this study, whole blood samples of 20 healthy young adults (YA, 9 males and 11 females) and 20 healthy older adults (OA, 9 males and 11 females) were stained for lymphocyte lineage markers and immune checkpoints and frequencies of CD28+, PD-1+, VISTA+ and CD40L+ T cells were determined. Immune checkpoint expression kinetics were studied following ex vivo anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulation of T cells from young and older healthy adults.
resultsWe report an age-associated increase of CD40L + CD4+ and CD40L + CD8+ T-cell frequencies, whereas CD40+ B-cell frequencies were decreased in older adults, suggesting modulation of the CD40L-CD40 interaction with age. Immune checkpoint expression kinetics revealed differences in magnitude between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells independent of age and sex. Further analysis of CD4+ T-cell subsets revealed an age-associated decrease of especially PD-1 + CD4+ memory T cells which tracked with the female sex.
conclusionCollectively, our results demonstrate that both age and sex modulate expression of immune checkpoints by human T cells. These findings may have implications for optimising vaccination and immune checkpoint immunotherapy and move the field towards precision medicine in the management of older patient groups.
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