ReviewBrain sciences2020
A Review and a Framework of Variables for Defining and Characterizing Tinnitus Subphenotypes.
Review in Brain sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Consensus Statements on the Definition, Classification, and Diagnostic Tests for Tinnitus: A Delphi Study Conducted by the Korean Tinnitus Study Group.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Pooled it
- Tinnitus: A Dimensionally Segregated, yet Perceptually Integrated Heterogeneous Disorder.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024Trial
- Tinnitus Phenotypes and Their Response to the Enriched Acoustic Environment (EAE) Treatment.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional analysis of hearing loss, age and tinnitus severity in a web-recruited cohort of 610 subjects.Journal of otology · 2026Article
- The 83 symptoms of tinnitus: Content overlap of commonly used scales for tinnitus burden.PloS one · 2026Article
- Consensus Statements on Tinnitus Assessment and Treatment Outcome Evaluation: A Delphi Study by the Korean Tinnitus Study Group.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Comparison of GWAS results between de novo tinnitus and cancer treatment-related tinnitus suggests distinctive roles for genetic risk factors.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Current State of Tinnitus Diagnosis and Treatment: a Multidisciplinary Expert Perspective.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024Review
- Heterogeneity in response to treatment across tinnitus phenotypes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reverse Correlation Characterizes More Complete Tinnitus Spectra in Patients.IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology · 2024Article
- A Heterogeneous Sample of a Spanish Tinnitus Cohort.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Comparing Clustering Methods Applied to Tinnitus within a Bootstrapped and Diagnostic-Driven Semi-Supervised Framework.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- The impact of tinnitus on adult cochlear implant recipients: A mixed-method approach.PloS one · 2023Article
- Gap pre-pulse inhibition of the cortical auditory evoked potentials as a possible objective tinnitus assessment tool.Iranian journal of child neurology · 2023Article
- Special Issue "New Insights into Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Tinnitus".Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Standardized Clinical Profiling in Spanish Patients with Chronic Tinnitus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Daily Contributors of Tinnitus Loudness and Distress: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Differences in characteristics between people with tinnitus that seek help and that do not.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Portuguese Older Individuals with Tinnitus.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Multidisciplinary Tinnitus Research: Challenges and Future Directions From the Perspective of Early Stage Researchers.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Tinnitus patients can present with various characteristics, such as those related to the tinnitus perception, symptom severity, and pattern of comorbidities. It is speculated that this phenotypic heterogeneity is associated with differences in the underlying pathophysiology and personal reaction to the condition. However, there is as yet no established protocol for tinnitus profiling or subtyping, hindering progress in treatment development. This review summarizes data on variables that have been used in studies investigating phenotypic differences in subgroups of tinnitus, including variables used to both define and compare subgroups. A PubMed search led to the identification of 64 eligible articles. In most studies, variables for subgrouping were chosen by the researchers (hypothesis-driven approach). Other approaches included application of unsupervised machine-learning techniques for the definition of subgroups (data-driven), and subgroup definition based on the response to a tinnitus treatment (treatment response). A framework of 94 variable concepts was created to summarize variables used across all studies. Frequency statistics for the use of each variable concept are presented, demonstrating those most and least commonly assessed. This review highlights the high dimensionality of tinnitus heterogeneity. The framework of variables can contribute to the design of future studies, helping to decide on tinnitus assessment and subgrouping.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.