ArticleViruses2020
Early Humoral Response Correlates with Disease Severity and Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients.
Article in Viruses, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Convalescent plasma for COVID-19: a meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis, and meta-regression.British journal of anaesthesia · 2021Pooled it
- Development of SARS-CoV2 humoral response including neutralizing antibodies is not sufficient to protect patients against fatal infection.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics eight months from COVID-19 onset: Persistence of spike antibodies but loss of neutralizing antibodies in 24% of convalescent plasma donors.European journal of internal medicine · 2021Trial
- PULSAR: a Foundation Model for Multi-scale and Multi-cellular Biology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Impact of Vaccination Frequency on COVID-19 Public Health Outcomes: A Model-Based Analysis.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Application of Interferon-γ Release Assay in the Assessment of T-Cell Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Antigens in the Cohort of Pediatric Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Correcting for Antibody Waning in Cumulative Incidence Estimation From Sequential Serosurveys.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Back to the Future: Immune Protection or Enhancement of Future Coronaviruses.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Article
- Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) Accuracy in Evaluating Humoral Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comprehensive antibody and cytokine profiling in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to clinical outcomes in a large Belgian cohort.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Enhancement of IL-6 Production Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein and Bangladeshi COVID-19 Patients' Sera.Viruses · 2023Article
- Heterogeneity in Vaccinal Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Can Be Addressed by a Personalized Booster Strategy.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG Antibodies 3 Months after COVID-19 Onset in Moroccan Patients.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Immune responses in mildly versus critically ill COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Robust memory humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the tonsils of adults and children.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Distinct anti-NP, anti-RBD and anti-Spike antibody profiles discriminate death from survival in COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Protective roles and protective mechanisms of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection and their potential clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to spread globally with significantly high morbidity and mortality rates. Antigen-specific responses are of unquestionable value for clinical management of COVID-19 patients. Here, we investigated the kinetics of IgM, IgG against the spike (S) and nucleoproteins (N) proteins and their neutralizing capabilities in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different disease presentations (i.e., mild, moderate or severe), need for intensive care units (ICU) admission or outcomes (i.e., survival vs death). We show that SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG, IgM and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were readily detectable in almost all COVID-19 patients with various clinical presentations. Interestingly, significantly higher levels of nAbs as well as anti-S1 and -N IgG and IgM antibodies were found in patients with more severe symptoms, patients requiring admission to ICU or those with fatal outcomes. More importantly, early after symptoms onset, we found that the levels of anti-N antibodies correlated strongly with disease severity. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the kinetics of antibody responses in COVID-19 patients with different disease severity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.