ReviewToxins2020
Providing Antivenom Treatment Access to All Brazilian Amazon Indigenous Areas: 'Every Life Has Equal Value'.
Review in Toxins, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strengthening public health programmes and the antivenom ecosystem: strategic policy priorities to combat envenomation by animal bites and stings in Latin America and the Caribbean.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness, safety, and implementation outcomes of a decentralization program to deliver antivenoms in the Western Brazilian Amazonia: The SAVING program.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Ethical considerations in decentralizing antivenom treatment in indigenous territories of the Brazilian Amazonia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Snakes and snakebites in the munduruku cosmology and medicine, central Brazilian Amazonia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Assessing territorial disparities in snakebite surveillance data in Brazil: Implications for public health.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Snakebite Envenomations In The Brazilian Amazon: A Little Less Neglected.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026Review
- Outcomes Associated With the Timing of Antivenom Administration in Bothrops and Crotalus Snakebite Envenomations.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026Article
- Article
- Decentralization of snakebite antivenom treatment to indigenous community health centers in the Brazilian Amazon: From demand to the first treatment (the SAVING Program).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of late and very late antivenom administration on recovery from snakebite-induced coagulopathy in French Guiana: a population-based study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Physical and Sensory Long-Term Disabilities fromToxins · 2025Article
- SERPENT-Brasil: a technological tool for snakebite management.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Participatory research towards the control of snakebite envenoming and other illnesses in a riverine community of the Western Brazilian Amazon.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Understanding pediatric snakebites: Clinical and epidemiological insights from a healthcare center in Bihar, India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Vulnerability factors of snake bite patients in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Capacity of community health centers to treat snakebite envenoming in indigenous territories of the Brazilian Amazon.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a minimum requirements checklist for snakebite envenoming treatment in the Brazilian Amazonia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Scaling up antivenom for snakebite envenoming in the Brazilian Amazon: a cost-effectiveness analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Identifying key factors contributing to treatment costs for snakebite envenoming in private tertiary healthcare settings in Tamil Nadu, India.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Snakebite envenomations and access to treatment in communities of two indigenous areas of the Western Brazilian Amazon: A cross-sectional study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Snakebites are more frequent in the Brazilian Amazon than in other parts of Brazil, representing a high cost for the health system since antivenoms are only available through medical prescription from central municipal hospitals in most cases. The need for a cold chain and physicians usually restricts access to the only effective treatment of a snakebite, the antivenom. The complex topography of the rivers contributes to delays in treatment, and consequently increases the risk of severe complications, chronic sequelae and death. Thus, decentralization of antivenom treatment to primary healthcare facilities in the interior would increase access by indigenous population groups to proper healthcare. To standardize and evaluate the decentralization to low complexity indigenous healthcare units, we suggest the (i) development and validation of standardized operational procedures, (ii) training of professionals in the validated protocol in a referral health unit, (iii) implementation of the protocol in an indigenous healthcare unit, (iv) assessment of perceptions towards and acceptability of the protocol, and (v) estimation of the impact of the protocol's implementation. We expect that antivenom decentralization would shorten the time between diagnosis and treatment and, as such, improve the prognosis of snakebites. As health cosmology among indigenous populations has an important role in maintaining their way of life, the introduction of a new therapeutic strategy to their customs must take into account the beliefs of these peoples. Thus, antivenom administration would be inserted as a crucial therapeutic tool in a world of diverse social, natural and supernatural representations. The information presented here also serves as a basis to advocate for support and promotion of health policy initiatives focused on evidence-based care in snakebite management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.