ArticleJournal of virological methods2021
Genomic and evolutionary comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses.
Article in Journal of virological methods, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Key Factors That Enable the Pandemic Potential of RNA Viruses and Inter-Species Transmission: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2021Pooled it
- Cellular engagement of the SARS-CoV-2 macrodomain by GS-441524 and enhancedRSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Methamphetamine Augmentation of SARS-CoV-2 N-Protein-Induced Neuroinflammation in Rat Microglial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 and Myasthenic-like Symptom Complications in Two Relatives: A Coincidence or Spike Toxicity with Thymic Response in Predisposed Individuals? Two Clinical Cases with a Comprehensive Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Uncovering codon usage patterns during murine embryogenesis and tissue-specific developmental diseases.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Perspectives on SARS-CoV-2 Cases in Zoological Institutions.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Heterotypic responses against nsp12/nsp13 from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection associates with lower subsequent endemic coronavirus incidence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Humoral immunity to an endemic coronavirus is associated with postacute sequelae of COVID-19 in individuals with rheumatic diseases.Science translational medicine · 2023Article
- Novel use of riboflavin as a fluorescent tracer in the dissemination of aerosol and splatter in an open operatory dental clinic.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2023Article
- Analysis of 3.5 million SARS-CoV-2 sequences reveals unique mutational trends with consistent nucleotide and codon frequencies.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Conventional and Novel Diagnostic Tools for the Diagnosis of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Liquid-liquid phase separation of nucleocapsid proteins during SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 replication.Cell reports · 2023Review
- Plant Extracts and SARS-CoV-2: Research and Applications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The diverse role of heparan sulfate and other GAGs in SARS-CoV-2 infections and therapeutics.Carbohydrate polymers · 2023Review
- The two-stage molecular scenery of SARS-CoV-2 infection with implications to disease severity: An in-silico quest.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and predisposing factors.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Alteration of the blood-brain barrier by COVID-19 and its implication in the permeation of drugs into the brain.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Bioactivity and In Silico Studies of Isoquinoline and Related Alkaloids as Promising Antiviral Agents: An Insight.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Cross-Clade Memory Immunity in Adults Following SARS-CoV-1 Infection in 2003.JAMA network open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses can cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV). Although phylogenetic analyses have indicated ancient origin of human coronaviruses from animal relatives, their evolutionary history remains to be established. Using phylogenetics and "high order genomic structures" including trimer spectrums, codon usage and dinucleotide suppression, we observed distinct clustering of all human coronaviruses that formed phylogenetic clades with their closest animal relatives, indicating they have encompassed long evolutionary histories within specific ecological niches before jumping species barrier to infect humans. The close relationships between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 imply similar evolutionary origin. However, a lower Effective Codon Number (ENC) pattern and CpG dinucleotide suppression in SARS-CoV-2 genomes compared to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV may imply a better host fitness, and thus their success in sustaining a pandemic. Characterization of coronavirus heterogeneity via complementary approaches enriches our understanding on the evolution and virus-host interaction of these emerging human pathogens while the underlying mechanistic basis in pathogenicity warrants further investigation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.