SynthesisPloS one2020
The hallmarks of childhood abuse and neglect: A systematic review.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The mediating role of personality functioning impairment between childhood maltreatment and adult mental health problems.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Prediction of the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological disturbances among younger adults using machine learning algorithms.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The mediating effect of alexisomia between childhood abuse and depression/stress in a sample of Lebanese adults: A cross-sectional study.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Childhood maltreatment and adult diseases in the general population: the mediating role of smoking and overweight in a time-sequence design.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Patterns of childhood trauma co-occurrence and its predictivity for suicidality: A machine learning approach.iScience · 2025Article
- The Awareness of Child Abuse and Neglect Among the Saudi Population: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- Investigating effect modification between childhood maltreatment and genetic risk for cardiovascular disease in the UK Biobank.PloS one · 2023Article
- Indigenous Service Provider Perspectives of an Online Education Module to Support Safe Clinical Encounters about Family Violence in Canada.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Personality functioning and the pathogenic effect of childhood maltreatment in a high-risk sample.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2022Article
- Estimating the Prevalence of Child Abuse and Neglect Among Adolescents in Primary Care Through Diagnoses Codes and Free-Text EHR Clinical Notes.Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & PractitionersArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies on the impacts of child maltreatment (CM) have been conducted in diverse areas. Mechanistic understanding of the complex interplay between factors is lacking. Hallmarking is an approach which identifies common factors across studies and highlights the most robust findings.
objectivesIn a review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, we addressed the following questions: 1) What are the hallmarks associated with exposure to CM across the bio-ecological spectrum? 2) What is the strength of evidence to support each hallmark? 3) What are the gaps that future research should address?
methodsA comprehensive literature search was carried out to find relevant systematic reviews or meta-analyses. 269 articles were read in full and 178 articles, encompassing more than 6000 original papers, were included in the final synthesis. All reviews were independently rated for quality by at least 2 reviewers using AMSTAR-2.
resultsOf 178 review articles, 6 were rated as high quality (all meta-analyses) and 46 were rated as medium quality. Most were from high income countries.
conclusionsBased on the most commonly reported high-quality research findings we propose that the hallmarks of exposure to child maltreatment are: Increased risk of psychopathology; Increased risk of obesity; Increased risk of high- risk sexual behaviours, Increased risk of smoking; and Increased risk of child maltreatment in children with disabilities. Research gaps include a lack of focus on complexity and resilience. Little can be concluded about directions of causality or mechanisms. Adequately powered prospective studies are required to move the field forward.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.