ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2020
Perceived Electronic Health Record Usability as a Predictor of Task Load and Burnout Among US Physicians: Mediation Analysis.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07438743 (Epic Generative Artificial Intelligence Chart Summarization Tool to Reduce Ambulatory Provider Cognitive Task Load), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Epic Generative Artificial Intelligence Chart Summarization Tool to Reduce Ambulatory Provider Cognitive Task Load: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Supporting clinical reasoning through visual summarization and presentation of patient data: a systematic review.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Pooled it
- The influence of electronic health record design on usability and medication safety: systematic review.BMC health services research · 2025Pooled it
- Examining Mental Workload Relating to Digital Health Technologies in Health Care: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- Physician Burnout and the Electronic Health Record Leading Up to and During the First Year of COVID-19: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- User centered clinical decision support to implement initiation of buprenorphine for opioid use disorder in the emergency department: EMBED pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Trial
- User Experiences of Electronic Controlled Substance Surveillance Among Health Care Professionals in a Large Academic Hospital: Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- The Triple Burden of Administrative Tasks Among US Family Medicine Physicians-A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- HRV-Based Multimodal Physiological Signal Monitoring Using Wearable Biosensors in Human-Computer Interaction: Cognitive Load in Real-Time Strategy Games.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Randomized Trial Protocol: Epic Generative AI Chart Summarization Tool to Reduce Ambulatory Provider Cognitive Task Load.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Electronic health record use factors linked to efficiency and productivity: an explainable machine learning analysis.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Pre-Post Evaluation of Documentation Burden, Time Perception, and Cognitive Workload of Ambient AI Scribe Tools.AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science proceedings. AMIA Joint Summits on Translational Science · 2026Article
- Simulation-Based Evaluation of a Large Language Model-Enabled Clinical Decision Support Platform in Oncology.JCO clinical cancer informatics · 2026Article
- Article
- Enhancing clinical documentation with voice processing and large language models: a study on the LAOS system.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Technostress among healthcare professionals in Spain: a cross-sectional survey on the impact of digital health tools.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Investigating Information Visualization to Combat Information Overload in Electronic Health Records: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- The Effect of Ambient Artificial Intelligence Scribes on Trainee Documentation Burden.Applied clinical informatics · 2025Observational
- Effect of a generative artificial intelligence digital scribe on pediatric provider documentation time, cognitive burden, and burnout.JAMIA open · 2025Article
- A Randomized-Clinical Trial of Two Ambient Artificial Intelligence Scribes: Measuring Documentation Efficiency and Physician Burnout.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- EMR usability and patient safety: a national survey of physicians.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundElectronic health record (EHR) usability and physician task load both contribute to physician professional burnout. The association between perceived EHR usability and workload has not previously been studied at a national level. Better understanding these interactions could give further information as to the drivers of extraneous task load.
objectiveThis study aimed to determine the relationship between physician-perceived EHR usability and workload by specialty and evaluate for associations with professional burnout.
methodsA secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey of US physicians from all specialties was conducted from October 2017 to March 2018. Among the 1250 physicians invited to respond to the subsurvey analyzed here, 848 (67.8%) completed it. EHR usability was assessed with the System Usability Scale (SUS; range: 0-100). Provider task load (PTL) was assessed using the mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, and effort required subscales of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (range: 0-400). Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory.
resultsThe mean scores were 46.1 (SD 22.1) for SUS and 262.5 (SD 71.7) for PTL. On multivariable analysis adjusting for age, gender, relationship status, medical specialty, practice setting, hours worked per week, and number of nights on call per week, physician-rated EHR usability was associated with PTL, with each 1-point increase in SUS score (indicating more favorable) associated with a 0.57-point decrease in PTL score (P<.001). On mediation analysis, higher SUS score was associated with lower PTL score, which was associated with lower odds of burnout.
conclusionsA strong association was observed between EHR usability and workload among US physicians, with more favorable usability associated with less workload. Both outcomes were associated with the odds of burnout, with task load acting as a mediator between EHR usability and burnout. Improving EHR usability while decreasing task load has the potential to allow practicing physicians more working memory for medical decision making and patient communication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.