Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33289261›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2020

The slowdown in the reduction rate of premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases puts the Americas at risk of achieving SDG 3.4: A population trend analysis of 37 countries from 1990 to 2017.

Ramon Martinez, Patricia Soliz, Oscar J Mujica, Ludovic Reveiz, Norm R C Campbell, Pedro Ordunez

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
10.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Ramon MartinezPan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0641-0206
Patricia SolizPan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
Oscar J MujicaPan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
Ludovic ReveizPan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
Norm R C CampbellDepartment of Medicine and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1093-4742
Pedro OrdunezPan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
World Health Organization Regional Office for the Americas · USUniversity of Calgary · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the Americas, resulting in substantial negative economic and social impacts. This study describes the trends and inequalities of CVD burden in the Americas to guide programmatic interventions and health system responses. We examined the CVD burden trends by age, sex, and countries between 1990 and 2017 and quantified social inequalities in CVD burden across countries. In 2017, CVD accounted for 2 million deaths in the Americas, 29% of total deaths. Age-standardized DALY rates caused by CVD declined by -1.9% (95% uncertainty interval, -2.0 to -1.7) annually from 1990 to 2017. This trend varied with a striking decreasing trend over the interval 1994-2003 (annual percent change (APC) -2.4% [-2.5 to 2.2]) and 2003-2007 (APC -2.8% [-3.4 to -2.2]). This was followed by a slowdown in the rate of decline over 2007-2013 (APC -1.83% [-2.1 to -1.6]) and a stagnation during the most recent period 2013-2017 (APC -0.1% [-0.5 to 0.3]). The social inequality in CVD burden along the socio-demographic gradient across countries decreased 2.75-fold. The CVD burden and related social inequality have both substantially decreased in the Americas since 1990, driven by the reduction in premature mortality. This trend occurred in parallel with the improvement in the socioeconomic development and health care of the region. The deceleration and stagnation in the rate of improvement of CVD burden and persistent social inequality pose major challenges to reduce the CVD burden and the achievement of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals Target 3.4.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesAmericasGlobal HealthHumansMortality, PrematureSustainable Developmentcardiovascular diseasesepidemiologyglobal burden of diseasehealth inequalitiestrend analysis

Identifiers

PMID33289261
PMCPMC8029842
OpenAlexW3082978324

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.