ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2021
ADHD and risk for subsequent adverse childhood experiences: understanding the cycle of adversity.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disentangling the Associations Between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Child Sexual Abuse: A Systematic Review.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2023Pooled it
- Understanding the association between adverse childhood experiences and subsequent attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Brain and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- Parental Age and the Risk of ADHD in Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Association between trauma exposure and mental health among adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and amino acids in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: correlations with clinical and cognitive features.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Differentiating Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders From Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Reviewing Diagnostic Guidelines.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Review
- Grief, Relief, and Belief: A Social Media Study on Late Identification of Neurodivergence.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- Mediating roles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom severity and self-control on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and adult aggression.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Risk and resilience: adverse and positive childhood experiences and aggression in adults with and without ADHD.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
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- Treatment Approaches and Growth Parameters in Pediatric ADHD: Examining Differences Across Race.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Can response to ADHD medication be predicted?European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Exploring Differential Patterns of Dissociation: Severity and Dimensions Across Diverse Trauma Experiences and/or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Positive Childhood Experiences and the Indirect Relationship With Improved Emotion Regulation in Adults With ADHD Through Social Support.Journal of attention disorders · 2024Article
- Digital Health Innovations for Screening and Mitigating Mental Health Impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences: Narrative Review.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2024Review
- Adverse childhood experiences exacerbate peripheral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in adults.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Article
- Potential Mechanisms Underlying Suicidality in Autistic People with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Testing Hypotheses from the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide.Autism in adulthood · 2024Article
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- The Paradoxical Clinical Course of Persons with Gambling Disorder and Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Journal of gambling studies · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChildren with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are more likely to develop Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The reverse relationship - ADHD predicting subsequent ACEs - is vastly understudied, although it may be of great relevance to underserved populations highly exposed to ACEs.
methodsParticipants were 5- to 15-year-olds (48% females) with (9.9%) and without ADHD (DSM-IV criteria except age of onset) in a longitudinal population-based study of Puerto Rican youth. In each wave (3 yearly assessments, W1-3), ten ACEs (covering parental loss and maladjustment and child maltreatment) were examined, plus exposure to violence. Logistic regression models examined ADHD (including subtypes) and subsequent risk for ACEs. Also considered were interactions by age, sex, number of W1 ACEs, and recruitment site.
resultsChildren with W1 ADHD were more likely to experience subsequent adversity (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.12-2.37) accounting for child age, sex, public assistance, maternal education, site, disruptive behavior disorders, and W1 ACEs. Inattentive (OR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.09-3.66), but not hyperactive/impulsive or combined ADHD, predicted future ACEs.
conclusionsADHD predicts subsequent risk for ACEs, and the inattentive presentation may confer the most risk. Inattentive presentations could pose a bigger risk given differences in symptom persistence, latency to access to treatment, and treatment duration. The present study suggests a pathway for the perpetuation of adversity, where bidirectional relationships between ADHD and ACEs may ensnare children in developmental pathways predictive of poor outcomes. Understanding the mechanism underlying this association can help the development of interventions that interrupt the cycle of adversity exposure and improve the lives of children with ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.