Trial reportNature medicine2021
A chimeric hemagglutinin-based universal influenza virus vaccine approach induces broad and long-lasting immunity in a randomized, placebo-controlled phase I trial.
Trial report in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03300050 (A Phase 1, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-blind Study to Assess the Reactogenicity, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a Live Attenuated Universal Influenza Vaccine), which is not on this map. Cited by 242 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1, Randomized, Controlled, Observer-blind Study to Assess the Reactogenicity, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a Live Attenuated Universal Influenza Vaccine (cH8/1N1 LAIV) Administered as a Single Priming Dose Followed Three Months Later by a Single Booster Dose of an Inactivated Universal Influenza Vaccine (cH5/1N1 IIV) (Adjuvanted With AS03A or Unadjuvanted) in 18 Through 39 Year-old Healthy Subjects, Contrasted With a Two Dose Schedule of an Inactivated Universal Influenza Vaccine (cH8/1N1 IIV + AS03A Followed Three Months Later by cH5/1N1 IIV + AS03A)
Who cites it
242 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 347 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective Efficacy of Vaccines Against Grass Carp Hemorrhagic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of fish diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- An intranasal adjuvanted, recombinant influenza A/H5 vaccine primes against diverse H5N1 clades: a phase I trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Structural serology of polyclonal antibody responses to mRNA-1273 and NVX-CoV2373 COVID-19 vaccines.Cell reports · 2025Trial
- Hemagglutinin Stalk-Specific Fc-Mediated Functions Are Associated With Protection Against Influenza Illness After Seasonal Influenza Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of a ferritin nanoparticle H2 influenza vaccine in healthy adults: a phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2022Trial
- Harnessing conserved epitopes and multivalent antigen strategies for vaccine design: Lessons learned and opportunities.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Anti-idiotypic antibodies as molecular mimics of conserved influenza hemagglutinin epitopes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Advances in Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Pre-existing and cross-reactive immunity to avian influenza H5N1 in humans: Implications for pandemic risk and vaccine strategies.The Journal of infection · 2026Review
- Epistasis and pleiotropy constrain the evolution of cross-reactive breadth in a broadly neutralizing influenza antibody.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Single-component self-assembling protein nanoparticles displaying stabilized prefusion-closed hemagglutinin trimers for influenza vaccine development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Influenza.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- The Influenza-Specific Immunoglobulin Repertoire - Nimble Yet Steeped in Tradition.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- Structural basis for distinct protective mechanisms of IGHV3-23 antibodies targeting influenza hemagglutinin stem.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Influenza B mosaic HA mRNA-LNP vaccines are cross-reactive and protective in mice.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Unified climate factors predict influenza outbreak seasonality across tropical and temperate regions.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- An mRNA Vaccine with Tandem Mutated HA-NA Confers Protection Against Multiple Strains of H1N1 Influenza.Vaccines · 2026Article
182 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors at 11 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Seasonal influenza viruses constantly change through antigenic drift and the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses through antigenic shift is unpredictable. Conventional influenza virus vaccines induce strain-specific neutralizing antibodies against the variable immunodominant globular head domain of the viral hemagglutinin protein. This necessitates frequent re-formulation of vaccines and handicaps pandemic preparedness. In this completed, observer-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase I trial (NCT03300050), safety and immunogenicity of chimeric hemagglutinin-based vaccines were tested in healthy, 18-39-year-old US adults. The study aimed to test the safety and ability of the vaccines to elicit broadly cross-reactive antibodies against the hemagglutinin stalk domain. Participants were enrolled into five groups to receive vaccinations with live-attenuated followed by AS03-adjuvanted inactivated vaccine (n = 20), live-attenuated followed by inactivated vaccine (n = 15), twice AS03-adjuvanted inactivated vaccine (n = 16) or placebo (n = 5, intranasal followed by intramuscular; n = 10, twice intramuscular) 3 months apart. Vaccination was found to be safe and induced a broad, strong, durable and functional immune response targeting the conserved, immunosubdominant stalk of the hemagglutinin. The results suggest that chimeric hemagglutinins have the potential to be developed as universal vaccines that protect broadly against influenza viruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.