ArticleScientific reports2020
Leveraging the effector independent nature of motor imagery when it is paired with physical practice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- 'Substitute' knowledge of results provided through virtual reality enhances motor imagery-based learning.Psychological research · 2026Trial
- Action observation perspective influences the effectiveness of combined action observation and motor imagery training for novices learning an Osoto Gari judo throw.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- The effect of combining motor imagery and electrical stimulation on improving performance in a force tracking task.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation Inhibits Contralesional Parietal and Occipital Activity During Imagined Movements After Stroke.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
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- Article
- Using mechanistic knowledge to appraise contemporary approaches to the rehabilitation of upper limb function following stroke.The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Learning motor actions via imagery-perceptual or motor learning?Psychological research · 2024Review
- Enhancing motor imagery practice using synchronous action observation.Psychological research · 2024Review
- Kinesthetic vs. visual focus: No evidence for effects of practice modality in representation types after action imagery practice and action execution practice.Human movement science · 2023Article
- Imagine to automatize: automatization of stimulus-response coupling after action imagery practice in implicit sequence learning.Psychological research · 2023Article
- Time course of learning sequence representations in action imagery practice.Human movement science · 2023Article
- Sequence representations after action-imagery practice of one-finger movements are effector-independent.Psychological research · 2023Article
- Article
- Imagining the way forward: A review of contemporary motor imagery theory.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While considered analogous to physical practice, the nature of imagery-based skill acquisition-specifically whether or not both effector independent and dependent encoding occurs through motor imagery-is not well understood. Here, motor imagery-based training was applied prior to or after physical practice-based training to probe the nature of imagery-based skill acquisition. Three groups of participants (N = 38) engaged in 10 days of training of a dart throwing task: 5 days of motor imagery prior to physical practice (MIP-PP), motor imagery following physical practice (PP-MIP), or physical practice only (PP-PP). Performance-related outcomes were assessed throughout. Brain activity was measured at three time points using fMRI (pre/mid/post-training; MIP-PP and PP-MIP groups). In contrast with physical practice, motor imagery led to changes in global versus specific aspects of the movement. Following 10 days of training, performance was greater when motor imagery preceded physical practice, although remained inferior to performance resulting from physical practice alone. Greater activation of regions that support effector dependent encoding was observed mid-, but not post-training for the PP-MIP group. Findings indicate that changes driven by motor imagery reflect effector independent encoding, providing new information regarding how motor imagery may be leveraged for skill acquisition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.