ReviewTechnology in cancer research & treatment
Tumor Vessel Normalization: A Window to Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy.
Review in Technology in cancer research & treatment. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Angiopoietin-2 Bispecific Antibody-Induced Vascular Normalization: From Basic Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications in Breast Cancer.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Predictive value of miR-193a-5p combined with VEGFB in the diagnosis and prognosis of CHD.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Dual Targeting of HIF-1α and DLL4 by Isoxanthohumol Potentiates Immune Checkpoint Blockade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mechanisms, Imaging Phenotypes, and Therapeutic Advances of Neovascularization in Brain Metastases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Huayu Wan enhances immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer by normalizing tumor vasculature and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment conversion through intelligent nanomedicine: a paradigm shift in overcoming chemoresistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- For Advanced Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, PD-1 Antibody Combined with Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival Compared with Monotherapy or Chemotherapy Alone as First-Line Treatment: A Retrospective Study with Prognostic Biomarker Analysis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Chemoresistance in the era of immunotherapy: challenges and novel combinatorial strategies for digestive system tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From immune exclusion to exhaustion: tumor microenvironment drives therapy response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Anlotinib promotes CD4 + T cell infiltration and enhances the anti-tumor effect of PD-1 blockade in lung cancer.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Targeting angiogenesis in gastrointestinal tumors: strategies from vascular disruption to vascular normalization and promotion strategies angiogenesis strategies in GI tumor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Reprogramming the Tumor Microenvironment in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Therapeutic Targets and Innovations.Oncology research · 2025Review
- "Brake" and "accelerator": revisiting tumor cell direct responses and the paradox of aggression in anti-VEGF therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Low-dose apatinib optimizes the vascular normalization and enhances the antitumor effect of PD-1 inhibitor in gastric cancer.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- Group XIV C-type lectins: emerging targets in tumor angiogenesis.Angiogenesis · 2024Review
- Induced Vascular Normalization-Can One Force Tumors to Surrender to a Better Microenvironment?Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Recombinant Endostatin as a Potential Radiosensitizer in the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Reprogramming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment: exploiting angiogenesis and thrombosis to enhance immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Enhanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- The Interplay of Tumor Vessels and Immune Cells Affects Immunotherapy of Glioblastoma.Biomedicines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hostile microenvironment produced by abnormal blood vessels, which is characterized by hypoxia, low pH value and increasing interstitial fluid pressure, would facilitate tumor progression, metastasis, immunosuppression and anticancer treatments resistance. These abnormalities are the result of the imbalance of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors (such as VEGF and angiopoietin 2, ANG2). Prudent use of anti-angiogenesis drugs would normalize these aberrant tumor vessels, resulting in a transient window of vessel normalization. In addition, use of cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint blockers when vessel normalization is achieved brings better outcomes. In this review, we sum up the advances in the field of understanding and application of the concept of tumor vessels normalization window to treat cancer. Moreover, we also outline some challenges and opportunities ahead to optimize the combination of anti-angiogenic agents and immunotherapy, leading to improve patients' outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.