Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33287561›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of hospice & palliative care2021

Disparities in Palliative and Hospice Care and Completion of Advance Care Planning and Directives Among Non-Hispanic Blacks: A Scoping Review of Recent Literature.

Mohsen Bazargan, Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi

Open access · bronzeAbstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of hospice & palliative care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
10.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Evaluation of a Novel Hospice-Specific Patient Decision Aid.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2024
    Trial
  7. Primary Palliative Care Improves Uptake of Advance Care Planning Among Patients With Advanced Cancers.Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2023
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Family Caregivers' Perspectives on Challenges and Support Needs in Hospital-Based Palliative Care for Persons Living With Dementia.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Disparities in Advance Care Planning: Did COVID-19 Change Anything?Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Kinlessness and end-of-life care quality: does race and ethnicity matter?The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025
    Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mohsen BazarganDepartment of Family Medicine, 5140Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6153-7870
Shahrzad Bazargan-HejaziDepartment of Psychiatry, 5140Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

STEERING COMMITTEEU54MD008149 · NIMHD · MOREHOUSE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI OFILI, ELIZABETH O. · 2012 to 2018
$21.1M
The CDU-Clinical Research Education and Career Development ProgramR25MD007610 · NIMHD · CHARLES R. DREW UNIVERSITY OF MED & SCI · PI Roberto Balbino Vargas · 2012 to 2026
$7.8M
NIMHD NIH HHS R25 MD007610NIMHD NIH HHS U54 MD008149
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPublished research in disparities in advance care planning, palliative, and end-of-life care is limited. However, available data points to significant barriers to palliative and end-of-life care among minority adults. The main objective of this scoping review was to summarize the current published research and literature on disparities in palliative and hospice care and completion of advance care planning and directives among non-Hispanc Blacks.

methodsThe scoping review method was used because currently published research in disparities in palliative and hospice cares as well as advance care planning are limited. Nine electronic databases and websites were searched to identify English-language peer-reviewed publications published within last 20 years. A total of 147 studies that addressed palliative care, hospice care, and advance care planning and included non-Hispanic Blacks were incorporated in this study. The literature review include manuscripts that discuss the intersection of social determinants of health and end-of-life care for non-Hispanic Blacks. We examined the potential role and impact of several factors, including knowledge regarding palliative and hospice care; healthcare literacy; communication with providers and family; perceived or experienced discrimination with healthcare systems; mistrust in healthcare providers; health care coverage, religious-related activities and beliefs on palliative and hospice care utilization and completion of advance directives among non-Hispanic Blacks. DISCUSSION: Cross-sectional and longitudinal national surveys, as well as local community- and clinic-based data, unequivocally point to major disparities in palliative and hospice care in the United States. Results suggest that national and community-based, multi-faceted, multi-disciplinary, theoretical-based, resourceful, culturally-sensitive interventions are urgently needed. A number of practical investigational interventions are offered. Additionally, we identify several research questions which need to be addressed in future research.

Indexed as

Advance Care PlanningHospice CareTerminal CareAdultBlack or African AmericanCross-Sectional StudiesHumansPalliative CareUnited Statesadvance care planningadvance directivesdiscriminationdisparityhospice caremistrustnon-Hispanic blackspalliative carereligion and religiosity

Identifiers

PMID33287561
PMCPMC8083078
OpenAlexW3112669515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.