Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33286642›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2020

Ordinal Decision-Tree-Based Ensemble Approaches: The Case of Controlling the Daily Local Growth Rate of the COVID-19 Epidemic.

Gonen Singer, Matan Marudi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Steatosis liver index: A validated machine learning model using clinical data distinguishes steatotic liver disease phenotypes.Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Gonen SingerFaculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.ORCID 0000-0002-2610-9579
Matan MarudiDepartment of Industrial Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 39040, Israel.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this research, we develop ordinal decision-tree-based ensemble approaches in which an objective-based information gain measure is used to select the classifying attributes. We demonstrate the applicability of the approaches using AdaBoost and random forest algorithms for the task of classifying the regional daily growth factor of the spread of an epidemic based on a variety of explanatory factors. In such an application, some of the potential classification errors could have critical consequences. The classification tool will enable the spread of the epidemic to be tracked and controlled by yielding insights regarding the relationship between local containment measures and the daily growth factor. In order to benefit maximally from a variety of ordinal and non-ordinal algorithms, we also propose an ensemble majority voting approach to combine different algorithms into one model, thereby leveraging the strengths of each algorithm. We perform experiments in which the task is to classify the daily COVID-19 growth rate factor based on environmental factors and containment measures for 19 regions of Italy. We demonstrate that the ordinal algorithms outperform their non-ordinal counterparts with improvements in the range of 6-25% for a variety of common performance indices. The majority voting approach that combines ordinal and non-ordinal models yields a further improvement of between 3% and 10%.

Indexed as

AdaBoostCOVID-19decision treesensemble algorithmsepidemicinformation gainobjective-based entropyordinal classificationrandom forest

Identifiers

PMID33286642
PMCPMC7517475

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.