Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33285848›Full record

ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2020

An Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Random Hamiltonian Path.

Wei Zhang, Shuwen Wang, Weijie Han, Hai Yu, Zhiliang Zhu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wei ZhangSoftware College, Northeastern University, No.11, Lane 3, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China.
Shuwen WangSoftware College, Northeastern University, No.11, Lane 3, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7431-5951
Weijie HanSoftware College, Northeastern University, No.11, Lane 3, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China.
Hai YuSoftware College, Northeastern University, No.11, Lane 3, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China.
Zhiliang ZhuSoftware College, Northeastern University, No.11, Lane 3, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110819, China.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities N171704004National Natural Science Foundation of China 61374178National Natural Science Foundation of China 61402092National Natural Science Foundation of China 61603182
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In graph theory, Hamiltonian path refers to the path that visits each vertex exactly once. In this paper, we designed a method to generate random Hamiltonian path within digital images, which is equivalent to permutation in image encryption. By these means, building a Hamiltonian path across bit planes can shuffle the distribution of the pixel's bits. Furthermore, a similar thought can be applied for the substitution of pixel's grey levels. To ensure the randomness of the generated Hamiltonian path, an adjusted Bernoulli map is proposed. By adopting these novel techniques, a bit-level image encryption scheme was devised. Evaluation of simulation results proves that the proposed scheme reached fair performance. In addition, a common flaw in calculating correlation coefficients of adjacent pixels was pinpointed by us. After enhancement, correlation coefficient becomes a stricter criterion for image encryption algorithms.

Indexed as

Bernoulli mapchaotic systemHamiltonian pathimage encryption

Identifiers

PMID33285848
PMCPMC7516506

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.