ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2021
Continuous and interval training attenuate encephalomyelitis by separate immunomodulatory mechanisms.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fitness, physical activity, and exercise in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review on current evidence for interactions with disease activity and progression.Journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- High-Intensity Interval Training Snacks Improve Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- High-intensity exercise training alters gut microbiota to mitigate the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Beneficial impact of physical activity on multiple sclerosis disability progression.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2026Article
- Effects of exercise therapy on quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a network meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Prolonged Application of Super High-Intensity Continuous Training-Team Case Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Endurance Exercise Attenuates Established Progressive Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Is Associated with an Amelioration of Innate Immune Responses in NOD Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- High-intensity interval training attenuates development of autoimmune encephalomyelitis solely by systemic immunomodulation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Exercise suppresses neuroinflammation for alleviating Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Review
- Mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical exercise on multiple sclerosis: focus on immune cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Multiple sclerosis and exercise-A disease-modifying intervention of mice or men?Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Effectiveness of exercise interventions in animal models of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Exercise training alters autoimmune cell invasion into the brain in autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2022Article
- Amelioration of Ambient Particulate Matter (PMFrontiers in physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies have reported beneficial effects of exercise training on autoimmunity, and specifically on multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, it is unknown whether different training paradigms affect disease course via shared or separate mechanisms.
objectiveTo compare the effects and mechanism of immune modulation of high intensity continuous training (HICT) versus high intensity interval training (HIIT) on systemic autoimmunity in EAE.
methodsWe used the proteolipid protein (PLP)-induced transfer EAE model to examine training effects on the systemic autoimmune response. Healthy mice performed HICT or HIIT by running on a treadmill. Lymph-node (LN)-T cells from PLP-immunized trained- versus sedentary donor mice were transferred to naïve recipients and EAE clinical and pathological severity were assessed. LN cells derived from donor trained and sedentary PLP-immunized mice were analyzed in vitro for T-cell activation and proliferation, immune cell profiling, and cytokine mRNA levels and cytokine secretion measurements.
resultsBoth HICT and HIIT attenuated the encephalitogenicity of PLP-reactive T cells, as indicated by reduced EAE clinical severity and inflammation and tissue pathology in the central nervous system, following their transfer into recipient mice. HICT caused a marked inhibition of PLP-induced T-cell proliferation without affecting the T-cell profile. In contrast, HIIT did not alter T-cell proliferation, but rather inhibited polarization of T cells into T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 autoreactive populations.
interpretationHICT and HIIT attenuate systemic autoimmunity and T cell encephalitogenicity by distinct immunomodulatory mechanisms.
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Registered trials
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