Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33279864›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders2021

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in Spain: comparison between community controls and patients with a psychiatric disorder. Preliminary results from the BRIS-MHC STUDY.

Brisa Solé, Norma Verdolini, Silvia Amoretti, Laura Montejo, Adriane R Rosa, Bridget Hogg, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Gisela Mezquida, Miquel Bernardo, Anabel Martinez-Aran and 2 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  3. Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychiatric Service Use Among Psychiatric Outpatients.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2025
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  12. Psychophysical and Social Functioning of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and Depression.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Brisa SoléBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Norma VerdoliniBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Silvia AmorettiBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Laura MontejoBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Adriane R RosaLaboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Postgraduate Program of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Bridget HoggCentre Fórum Research Unit, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Predoctoral program, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Spain.
Clemente Garcia-RizoBarcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Gisela MezquidaBarcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Miquel BernardoBarcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi I Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Anabel Martinez-AranBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Eduard VietaBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Electronic address: evieta@clinic.cat.
Carla TorrentBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate potential differences about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown between community controls (CC) and patients with a mental illness (MI) in a Spanish population during the state of emergency.

methodsIndividuals with a psychiatric condition and the general population were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. Bivariate analyses were used to compare them in a broad range of measures: sociodemographic, clinical variables, behavioral changes related to the lockdown and coping strategies to face it. Two groups of different psychiatric disorders were compared: depression or anxiety disorders (D+A) versus bipolar disorder and schizophrenia related disorders (BD+SCZ).

results413 CC and 206 MI were included in the study. CC reported to use more adaptive coping strategies as following a routine, talking to friends/relatives, practicing physical exercise and maintaining a balanced diet. MI reported significantly more anxiety and depression symptoms during the lockdown when compared to CC. Gaining weight, sleep changes, and tobacco consumption were more prevalent in the MI group. The D+A group showed significantly more psychological distress and negative expectations about the future, suffered more sleep disturbances when compared to BD+SCZ, whilst reported to practice more exercise. LIMITATIONS: psychiatric disorders were self-reported.

conclusionsImposed restrictions and uncertainty during confinement had a higher psychological impact in individuals with a psychiatric illness, with less healthy behavior strategies to face the situation. Developing interventions to mitigate negative mental health outcomes among this vulnerable population will be essential in the coming months.

Indexed as

PandemicsPsychological DistressAdultAnxietyCase-Control StudiesCommunicable Disease ControlCOVID-19DepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSelf ReportSpainSurveys and Questionnairesanxietybipolar disorderCOVID-19depressionmental healthpandemicspsychotic disorders

Identifiers

PMID33279864
PMCPMC7683299

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.