ArticleTravel medicine and infectious disease
Travel-associated cases of Legionnaires' disease in the United States, 2015-2016.
Article in Travel medicine and infectious disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Implementation of 7-1-7 for improving timeliness in outbreak detection and response in Thailand: A mixed-methods study on challenges in application and achievement of targets in 2024-25.Wellcome open research · 2026Article
- Evolution and main causes of the rising legionellosis incidence in the United States.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Beyond Microbiological Analysis: The Essential Role of Risk Assessment in Travel-Associated Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak Investigations.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Rising Incidence of Legionnaires' Disease and Associated Epidemiologic Patterns, United States, 1992-2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Assessing Hotel Employee Knowledge on Risk Factors and Risk Management Procedures for Microbial Contamination of Hotel Water Distribution Systems.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent travel is associated with ~20% of reported Legionnaires' disease (LD) cases worldwide.
methodsWe analyzed LD cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) during 2015-2016. Travel-associated cases met case criteria for confirmed LD in someone who spent ≥1 night away from home during the 10 days before symptom onset. Most analyses were limited to travel-associated, public accommodation stay (TAPAS) cases. We used reported travel dates to estimate the number of TAPAS cases acquired during travel.
resultsOf 12,200 LD cases reported among U.S. residents, 12.3% were travel-associated; 8.7% were TAPAS. Median patient age for TAPAS cases was 61 years; 64.4% were male; 67.3% were white; 77.9% were non-Hispanic; 96.1% were hospitalized; 4.5% died. Among 887 TAPAS cases involving U.S. destinations, an estimated 29.8% were acquired during travel; 4.28 TAPAS cases were reported, and an estimated 1.10 TAPAS cases were acquired during travel, per 10,000,000 hotel room nights booked. Sixty-eight U.S. TAPAS clusters were detected.
conclusionsWhile acquisition during travel accounted for a relatively small proportion of all LD cases, clusters of TAPAS cases were frequently detected. Prompt notification of these cases to CDC facilitates cluster detection and expedites intervention.
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