Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33279333›Full record

ArticleJournal of substance abuse treatment2021

Socially distant and out of reach: Unintended consequences of COVID-19 prevention efforts on transgender and gender non-binary populations in Puerto Rico.

Kyle Melin, Darlene Santiago Quiñones, Carlos E Rodríguez-Díaz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kyle MelinSchool of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus - University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, Puerto Rico. Electronic address: kyle.melin@upr.edu.
Darlene Santiago QuiñonesSchool of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences Campus - University of Puerto Rico, PO Box 365067, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, Puerto Rico. Electronic address: darlene.santiago@upr.edu.
Carlos E Rodríguez-DíazCommunity-Oriented Primary Care Program, Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University - Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave, Suite 300, DPCH, Washington, DC 20052, United States of America. Electronic address: carlosrd@gwu.edu.

Funding

Hispanics in Research Capability: SoHP & SOM Partnership (HIREC)S21MD001830 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI ELIAS BONETA, AUGUSTO R, ESTAPE, ESTELA S · 2005 to 2010
$30.0M
SWG 2: Cure Research Scientific Working GroupP30AI117970 · NIAID · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Italo Mocchetti · 2015 to 2026
$29.6M
Hispanic Clinical and Translational Research Education and Career Development ProgramR25MD007607 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI Karen G. Martinez Gonzalez, Barbara Segarra-Vazquez · 2012 to 2026
$7.4M
Pharmacogenetic determinants of opioid addiction maintenance treatment with buprenorphine in a Caribbean Hispanic PopulationSC2DA052099 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI MELIN, KYLE · 2020 to 2022
$529k
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI117970NIDA NIH HHS SC2 DA052099NIMHD NIH HHS R25 MD007607NIMHD NIH HHS S21 MD001830
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Substance use disorders in the United States disproportionately affect minorities and socially vulnerable populations, particularly those at the intersection of racial and sexual minority status. Preceded by over a century-long subjugation to the U.S. government, a recent financial crisis, the devastating hurricanes of 2017, and a string of earthquakes at the end of 2019 and early 2020, the current COVID-19 pandemic is only the most recent disaster to disrupt the local health care system in Puerto Rico. However, the effects of the current emergency and imposed social distancing measures have only exacerbated the underlying vulnerabilities of the transgender and gender non-conforming (GNC) population made bare during these other recent disasters. Clinics and providers who treat patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) in Puerto Rico have had to develop their own safety protocols to limit the spread of the virus while trying to optimize current treatment protocols to maintain the stability of their patients. Despite these measures, we have observed a reduction in the ability of local organizations to outreach to already disconnected transgender and GNC individuals with OUD. For example, due to the government-imposed curfew that began March 15, 2020, some providers engaged in outreach with transgender and GNC sex workers have eliminated nighttime outreach completely. Additionally, a research project surveying all buprenorphine prescribers in Puerto Rico has found that few have received training in treating this vulnerable population, and even fewer report that they are currently providing treatment for transgender or GNC individuals. If Puerto Rico is to address this problem of gross under-representation of a population known to be disproportionately affected by substance use disorders, Puerto Rico must address structural factors to prevent this disparity from widening further during the inevitable future disasters our health care system will face.

Indexed as

PandemicsPhysical DistancingBuprenorphineCommunity-Institutional RelationsCOVID-19FemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansMaleNarcotic AntagonistsOpioid-Related DisordersPuerto RicoSexual and Gender MinoritiesSex WorkersTransgender PersonsBuprenorphineNarcotic AntagonistsCOVID-19Gender nonbinaryHispanicsLGBTOpioid use disorderTransgender

Identifiers

PMID33279333
PMCPMC7855792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.