ArticleCell2021
Baricitinib treatment resolves lower-airway macrophage inflammation and neutrophil recruitment in SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques.
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Article in Cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
148citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- JAK inhibitors and COVID-19.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Rhesus Macaques (Comparative medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The Efficacy and Safety of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Patients With COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- A Risk Profile Using Simple Hematologic Parameters to Assess Benefits From Baricitinib in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial-2.Annals of internal medicine · 2024Trial
- Efficacy and safety of baricitinib plus standard of care for the treatment of critically ill hospitalised adults with COVID-19 on invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an exploratory, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Trial
- The CCR2 inflammatory pathway is a target for improving severe disease and pulmonary inflammation in experimental COVID-19.Virulence · 2026Article
- Exposure route, not dose, is the primary driver of infection patterns for a respiratory virus.Science advances · 2026Article
- Functional immune changes are conserved in COVID-19 and trauma patients receiving intensive care.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Beyond suppression: the paradox of JAK inhibitors as amplifiers of cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- MELK inhibition disrupts actin cytoskeleton and broadly restricts human coronavirus infections.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Proinflammatory monocyte-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fuels airway inflammation in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Identifying ICAM-1 as a Therapeutic Target for Cytokine Storm in Human Macrophages Through Integrative Bioinformatics Approaches.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exposure route drives SARS-CoV-2 infection patterns in non-human primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Emerging and underrecognized viral triggers of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease flares.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Tracheobronchial ulcers caused byThe Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- Inflammation from mild COVID-19 results in persistent neurological and behavioral changes in rhesus macaques.Research square · 2025Article
- The CXCL10-CXCR3 Axis Induces Tumor-Associated Neutrophils to Interfere with CTLs-Mediated Antitumor Activity in EBV-Associated Epithelial Cancers.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- High-throughput quantitation of human neutrophil recruitment and functional responses in an air-blood barrier array.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Exploring the mechanism of Radix Bupleuri in the treatment of depression combined with SARS-CoV-2 infection through bioinformatics, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
45 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Timothy N HoangDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Maria PinoDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Arun K BoddapatiYerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Elise G VioxDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Carly E StarkeVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Amit A UpadhyayYerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Sanjeev GumberDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Michael NekorchukVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Kathleen Busman-SahayVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Zachary StronginDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Justin L HarperDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Gregory K TharpYerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Kathryn L PellegriniYerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Shannon KirejczykDivision of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Keivan ZandiCenter for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Sijia TaoCenter for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Tristan R HortonYerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Elizabeth N BeagleYerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Ernestine A MaharDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Michelle Y H LeeDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Joyce CohenDivision of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Sherrie M JeanDivision of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Jennifer S WoodDivision of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Fawn Connor-StroudDivision of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Rachelle L StammenDivision of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Olivia M DelmasDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Shelly WangDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Kimberly A CooneyDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Michael N SayeghDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Lanfang WangDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Peter D FilevDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Daniela WeiskopfCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Guido SilvestriDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Jesse WaggonerDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Anne PiantadosiDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Sudhir P KasturiDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Hilmi Al-ShakhshirDepartment of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Susan P RibeiroDepartment of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Rafick P SekalyDepartment of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Rebecca D LevitDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Jacob D EstesVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Thomas H VanderfordDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Raymond F SchinaziCenter for AIDS Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Electronic address: rschina@emory.edu.
Steven E BosingerDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Electronic address: steven.bosinger@emory.edu.
Mirko PaiardiniDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Electronic address: mirko.paiardini@emory.edu.
Emory University · USCase Western Reserve University · USOregon Health & Science University · USLa Jolla Institute for Immunology · USOregon National Primate Research Center · US
Funding
Upgrade of confocal microscopy at the Oregon National Primate Research CenterP51OD011092 · OD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Bonnie J. Nagel · 2012 to 2026
$203.9MYerkes National Primate Research Center Role of type-I IFN in regulating COVID-19 induced inflammation and pathogenesisP51OD011132 · OD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Joon Sup Lee · 2012 to 2026
$167.0MVirology and Molecular Biomarkers CoreP30AI050409 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Carlos del Rio · 2002 to 2026
$74.0MMEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM008169 · NIGMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI GROSS, ROBERT E · 1987 to 2021
$20.3MHarnessing IL-10 in cART treated SIV infected macaques to restore immunity and to eradicate HIVR37AI141258 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Rafick Pierre Sekaly · 2018 to 2026
$7.8MSimultaneous antigen receptor repertoire profiling and single-cell transcriptomics in T and B lymphocytes from limited clinical samplesU24AI120134 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BOSINGER, STEVEN EDWARD · 2015 to 2024
$6.5MVery early drivers of neutrophilic inflammation in cardiac ischemia-reperfusionR01HL140223 · NHLBI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Rebecca Diane Levit · 2018 to 2026
$4.4MImmune based interventions for HIV eradicationR01AI116379 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI PAIARDINI, MIRKO · 2015 to 2019
$4.2MDefining Mechanisms of Viral Persistence in Situ at the Single-Cell LevelR01AI149672 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI ESTES, JACOB D · 2020 to 2024
$4.0MNovel ISH Approaches to Quantify Replication Competent ReservoirsR01AI143411 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI ESTES, JACOB D · 2019 to 2023
$3.6MTowards Suppression and Elimination of HIV in the CNSR01MH116695 · NIMH · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI SCHINAZI, RAYMOND FELIX, TYOR, WILLIAM R · 2018 to 2022
$3.4MIllumina NovaSeq 6000 High Throughput DNA Sequencer for Emory UniversityS10OD026799 · OD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BOSINGER, STEVEN EDWARD · 2019 to 2019
$985kNHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL140223NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050409NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116379NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI143411NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI149672NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI141258NIAID NIH HHS U24 AI120134NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008169NIH HHS P51 OD011092NIH HHS P51 OD011132NIH HHS S10 OD025002NIH HHS S10 OD026799NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH116695
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2-induced hypercytokinemia and inflammation are critically associated with COVID-19 severity. Baricitinib, a clinically approved JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, is currently being investigated in COVID-19 clinical trials. Here, we investigated the immunologic and virologic efficacy of baricitinib in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral shedding measured from nasal and throat swabs, bronchoalveolar lavages, and tissues was not reduced with baricitinib. Type I interferon (IFN) antiviral responses and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses remained similar between the two groups. Animals treated with baricitinib showed reduced inflammation, decreased lung infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced NETosis activity, and more limited lung pathology. Importantly, baricitinib-treated animals had a rapid and remarkably potent suppression of lung macrophage production of cytokines and chemokines responsible for inflammation and neutrophil recruitment. These data support a beneficial role for, and elucidate the immunological mechanisms underlying, the use of baricitinib as a frontline treatment for inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Indexed as
COVID-19 Drug TreatmentMacaca mulattaAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAzetidinesCell DeathCell DegranulationCOVID-19Disease Models, AnimalInflammationJanus KinasesLungLymphocyte ActivationMacrophages, AlveolarNeutrophil InfiltrationPurinesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAzetidinesbaricitinibJanus KinasesPurinesPyrazolesSulfonamidesbaricitinibCOVID-19immune activationimmunologyinflammationnonhuman primatepathogenesisSARS-CoV-2
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