Trial reportBMJ open2020
Effect of Housing First on violence-related traumatic brain injury in adults with experiences of homelessness and mental illness: findings from the At Home/Chez Soi randomised trial, Toronto site.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted interventions to improve the social and economic circumstances of people with mental ill-health from marginalised communities: a systematic review.Psychological medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Design and implementation of a Community Expert Group comprised of people with lived expertise of homelessness at an academic health research center: a program description and analysis of challenges.Research involvement and engagement · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators to housing and healthcare services for people experiencing homelessness with concurrent brain injury, mental health and substance use disorders: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Managing high-risk behaviours and challenges to prevent housing loss in permanent supportive housing: a rapid review.Harm reduction journal · 2023Review
- Exploring the effect of case management in homelessness per components: A systematic review of effectiveness and implementation, with meta-analysis and thematic synthesis.Campbell systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Exploring and Mapping Screening Tools for Cognitive Impairment and Traumatic Brain Injury in the Homelessness Context: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Rehabilitation among individuals with traumatic brain injury who intersect with the criminal justice system: A scoping review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Rehabilitation among individuals experiencing homelessness and traumatic brain injury: A scoping review.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Health Determinants among North Americans Experiencing Homelessness and Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.Neurotrauma reports · 2021Article
- Social Determinants of Health and Their Role in Basilar Skull Fracture Outcomes: A Level 1 Trauma Multicenter Retrospective Study.Neurotrauma reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPeople experiencing homelessness have a high prevalence and incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to violence. Little is known about the effectiveness of interventions to reduce TBI in this population. This study assessed the effect of Housing First (HF) on violence-related TBI in adults with experiences of homelessness and mental illness.
designPragmatic randomised trial.
participants381 participants in the Toronto site of the At Home/Chez randomised trial.
interventionHF participants were provided with scattered-site housing using rent supplements and supports from assertive community treatment or intensive case management teams (n=218, 57.2%). Control participants had access to treatment as usual (TAU) in the community (n=163, 42.8%).
main outcome measuresPrimary outcomes were an incident physical violence-related TBI event and the number of physical violence-related TBI events during the follow-up period (January 2014 to March 2017). Interval-censored survival time regression and zero-inflated negative binomial regression were used to assess the effect of HF on primary outcomes.
resultsAmong study participants, 9.2% (n=35) had an incident physical violence-related TBI event, and the mean physical violence-related TBI events was 0.16 (SD ±0.6). Compared with TAU participants, HF participants did not have a significantly lower risk of an incident violence-related TBI event (adjusted HR : 0.58 (95% CI, 0.29 to 1.14)), but they had a significantly lower number of physical violence-related TBI events (unadjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.22 (95% CI, 0.06 to 0.78); adjusted IRR: 0.15 (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.48)).
conclusionHF may be a useful intervention to reduce the burden of TBI due to physical violence among homeless individuals with mental illness. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN42520374.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.