Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33276778›Full record

Observational studyInternational journal of health geographics2020

The associations between social, built and geophysical environment and age-specific dementia mortality among older adults in a high-density Asian city.

Hung Chak Ho, Kenneth N K Fong, Ta-Chien Chan, Yuan Shi

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in International journal of health geographics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hung Chak HoDepartment of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. hcho21@hku.hk.ORCID 0000-0002-6505-3504
Kenneth N K FongDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
Ta-Chien ChanResearch Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. tachien@gate.sinica.edu.tw.
Yuan ShiInstitute of Future Cities, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough socio-environmental factors which may affect dementia have widely been studied, the mortality of dementia and socio-environmental relationships among older adults have seldom been discussed.

methodA retrospective, observational study based on territory-wide register-based data was conducted to evaluate the relationships of four individual-level social measures, two community-level social measures, six short-term (temporally varying) environmental measures, and four long-term (spatially varying) environmental measures with dementia mortality among older adults in a high-density Asian city (Hong Kong), for the following decedents: (1) all deaths: age >= 65, (2) "old-old": age > = 85, (3) "mid-old": aged 75-84, and (4) "young-old": aged 65-74.

resultsThis study identified 5438 deaths (3771 old-old; 1439 mid-old; 228 young-old) from dementia out of 228,600 all-cause deaths among older adults in Hong Kong between 2007 and 2014. Generally, regional air pollution, being unmarried or female, older age, and daily O

conclusionThe difference in strengths of association of various factors with dementia mortality among different age groups implies the need for a comprehensive framework for community health planning. In particular, strategies for air quality control, usage of greenspace and social space, and activity engagement to reduce vulnerability at all ages are warranted.

Indexed as

Air PollutionDementiaAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsFemaleHong KongHumansRetrospective StudiesAge-specificBuilt environmentDementiaGeophysical environmentMortalitySocial environment

Identifiers

PMID33276778
PMCPMC7716506

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.