ArticleBMC molecular and cell biology2020
Designing a chimeric subunit vaccine for influenza virus, based on HA2, M2e and CTxB: a bioinformatics study.
Article in BMC molecular and cell biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Immunoinformatics design of multi-epitope peptide-based vaccine againstNetwork modeling and analysis in health informatics and bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Influenza and Universal Vaccine Research in China.Viruses · 2022Review
- Mapping Potential Vaccine Candidates Predicted by VaxiJen for Different Viral Pathogens between 2017-2021-A Scoping Review.Vaccines · 2022Article
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- SARS-CoV-2 spike evolutionary behaviors; simulation of N501Y mutation outcomes in terms of immunogenicity and structural characteristic.Journal of cellular biochemistry · 2022Article
- Promising strategy for developing mRNA-based universal influenza virus vaccine for human population, poultry, and pigs- focus on the bigger picture.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- In silico vaccine design and epitope mapping of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM): an immunoinformatics approach.BMC bioinformatics · 2021Article
- Prediction and identification of T cell epitopes of COVID-19 with balanced cytokine response for the development of peptide based vaccines.In silico pharmacology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundType A influenza viruses are contagious and even life-threatening if left untreated. So far, no broadly protective vaccine is available due to rapid antigenic changes and emergence of new subtypes of influenza virus. In this study, we exploited bioinformatics tools in order to design a subunit chimeric vaccine from the antigenic and highly conserved regions of HA and M2 proteins of H7N9 subtype of influenza virus. We used mucosal adjuvant candidates, including CTxB, STxB, ASP-1, and LTB to stimulate mucosal immunity and analyzed the combination of HA2, M2e, and the adjuvant. Furthermore, to improve the antigen function and to maintain their three-dimensional structure, 12 different linkers including six rigid linkers and six flexible linkers were used. The 3D structure model was generated using a combination of homology and ab initio modeling methods and the molecular dynamics of the model were analyzed, either.
resultsAnalysis of different adjuvants showed that using CtxB as an adjuvant, results in higher overall vaccine stability and higher half-life among four adjuvant candidates. Fusion of antigens and the CTxB in the form of M2e-linker-CTxB-linker-HA2 has the most stability and half life compared to other combination forms. Furthermore, the KPKPKP rigid linker showed the best result for this candidate vaccine among 12 analyzed linkers. The changes in the vaccine 3D structure made by linker insertion found to be negligible, however, although small, the linker insertion between the antigens causes the structure to change slightly. Eventually, using predictive tools such as Ellipro, NetMHCpan I and II, CD4episcore, CTLpred, BepiPred and other epitope analyzing tools, we analyzed the conformational and linear epitopes of the vaccine. The solubility, proteasome cleavage sites, peptidase and potential chemical cutters, codon optimization, post translational modification were also carried out on the final vaccine.
conclusionsIt is concluded that M2e-Linker-CTxB-Linker-HA2 combination of chimeric vaccine retains its 3D structure and antigenicity when KPKPKP used as linker and CTxB used as adjuvant.
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